Rhythm Disturbances Flashcards
(32 cards)
Is the QRS positive or negative in lead II in small animals?
Positive
Which ECG lead to you use to interpret heart function of a small animal?
Lead II
Sinus arrest/lack of electrical activity that causes syncopy
Sick sinus syndrome
What breeds are predisposed to sick sinus syndrome?
Westies, schnauzers, cockers
What e-lyte abnormality causes atrial standstill?
Hyperkalemia
What are ECG signs of hyperkalemia?
Tented T-wave, no P-wave, wide QRS
What are common conditions that cause hyperkalemia?
Urinary blocked cats or Addisonian dogs
Prolonged PR interval
1* AV block
Some P-wave don’t have QRS
2* AV block
No assoc. between P and QRS + escape beats
3* AV block
Which 2* AV block is assoc. w/progressively lengthening PR before a dropped QRS?
Mobitz I (Wenckenbach)
Which 2* AV block is assoc. w/a consistent PR interval with dropped QRS complexes?
Mobitz II
2* AV blocks are normal in a horse and commonly seen after administration of what drug?
Xylazine
What is a 2* AV Mobitz I block a clinical sign of?
High vagal tone
How can you treat a 2* AV Mobitz I block?
Atropine/glycopyrrolate
No P-waves w/tall T-waves indicate what arrhythmia?
Atrial standstill (hyperkalemia)
Wide and bizarre ventricular complexes but no AV assoc.
3* AV block (escape beats)
What can cause a VPC?
Heart dz, GDV, splenic disease, hypokalemia
What will an ECG show with a VPC?
Normal AV assoc. w/wide and bizarre QRS complex
How do you treat VPCs?
Lidocaine
What is the MoA of lidocaine?
Na channel blocker
Short R-R w/QRS that looks like a sinus beat
APCs
What causes APCs?
Heart disease causing atrial stretch
Irregular/absent P-waves
Atrial fibrillation