SCIENCE DAY4 Flashcards

(85 cards)

1
Q

building blocks of matter

A

atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

atom is made up of

A

protons, neutrons, electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

non-matter does not occupy space and does not have a mass. examples of non-matter

A

light, energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

classification of matter made up of ALL THE SAME TYPE OF ATOM or ALL THE SAME MOLECULES and it exhibit exact properties and composition

A

pure substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

substances that are made up of only ONE TYPE OF ATOM. A PURE SUBSTANCE that cannot be broken down by chemical processes into simpler substances

A

ELEMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

OXYGEN, HYDROGEN, SODIUM are examples of

A

ELEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the 118th ELEMENT

A

Oganesson (Og)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

classification of elements

A

metals
non-metals
metalloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

classification of elements

usually solid and are good conductor of heat and electricity, e.g., copper or iron

A

metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

metals exist as solid except for

A

mercury and gallium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

classification of elements

a poor conductor of heat and electricity
(oxygen, carbon, bromine, sulfur

A

non-metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

classification of elements

have both properties of metals and non-metals (semi-metals)

A

metalloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

substances that are formed by the CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE TYPE OF ATOMS

A

COMPOUNDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Substance that CAN BE BROKEN DOWN by chemical processes into simpler substance

A

COMPOUNDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

water H2O, carbon dioxide CO2 are examples of

A

COMPOUNDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

alcohol is a class of organic compound characterized by a _________ bonded to an ________ group

A

hydroxyl bonded to an alkyl group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

found in perfumes and colognes and food coloring

A

ester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

types of chemical bonding

A

covalent bond
ionic bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

type of chemical bonding

bonding of TWO OR MORE NON-METALS
examples: H2O, CH4, CO2

A

COVALENT BOND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

type of chemical bonding

bonding between METALS and NON-METALS
examples: NaCl (sodium chloride) NaF (Sodium Fluoride)

A

IONIC BOND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a type of matter consisting two or more different substances that have been combined WITHOUT CHEMICAL BONDING taking place, just a physical combination

A

mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

type of mixture that has a single phase

A

homogenous mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

type of mixture that are visually distinguished

A

heterogenous mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

under heterogenous mixture:
contains particles that DO NOT SETTLE

A

COLLOID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
under heterogenous mixture: contains layer particles that EVENTUALLY SETTLE OUT
SUSPENSION
26
UNDER MIXTURES: milk, cloud, and fog are examples of
colloid
27
UNDER MIXTURES: chocolate milk and orange juice are examples of
suspension
28
STATES OF MATTER has definite shape and volume, particles are tightly packed, very little energy, particles vibrate in place
SOLID
29
STATES OF MATTER has definite volume but no definite shape, particles are loosely packed, medium energy level, particles flow around each other
liquid
30
STATES OF MATTER does not have definite volume and shape, particles move freely and have lots of energy
gas
31
STATES OF MATTER a very hot gas of nuclei and electrons, superheated gas
plasma
32
STATES OF MATTER super cold at absolute ZERO temperature
Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)
33
CHANGES IN MATTER a change wherein the chemical composition has been altered or a chemical reaction has taken place
chemical change
34
CHANGES IN MATTER rusting of iron
chemical change
35
CHANGES IN MATTER the chemical composition remains the same. it involves only a change in the size, shape, or amount, as well as changes in state
physical change
36
CHANGES IN MATTER tearing of paper chopping of woods breaking of rock
physical change
37
EXAMPLE OF PHYSICAL CHANGE liquid to solid
freezing
38
CHANGES IN MATTER solid to liquid
melting
39
CHANGES IN MATTER liquid to gas
evaporation
40
CHANGES IN MATTER gas to liquid
condensation
41
CHANGES IN MATTER solid to gas
sublimation
42
CHANGES IN MATTER gas to solid
deposition
43
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION reaction between two or more simple substances to form a single product
synthesis
44
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION a single reactant is broken down into two or more products
decomposition
44
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION a more active element replaces a less active element in a compound
substitution
45
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION interchange of the two parts of two substances to form new substances
double decomposition
45
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION needs energy
endothermic reaction
46
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION releases energy
exothermic reaction
47
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION A + B AB
SYNTHESIS
48
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION AB A + B
DECOMPOSITION
49
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION AB + C AC + B
SUBSTITUTION
50
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION AB + CD AD + CB
DOUBLE DECOMPOSITION
51
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION AB + energy A + B A + B + energy AB
ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
52
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION AB A + B + energy A + B AB+ energy
EXOTHERMIC REACTION
53
pH value of BELOW 7
ACIDS
54
pH value of ABOVE 7
BASES
55
pH value of 7
neutral (pure water)
56
pH means
POWER OF HYDROGEN
57
study of matter and energy and their relationship
physics
58
what is the basic unit for PRESSURE
PASCAL
59
MASS vs WEIGHT quantity of matter in an object; can be measured in kg
MASS
60
MASS vs WEIGHT the pull of gravity; can be measured in N (Newton)
WEIGHT
61
a continuous change in position
motion
62
NEWTON'S LAWS OF MATION every object continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion with constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by unbalanced external forces impressed upon
FIRST LAW: LAW OF INERTIA
63
NEWTON'S LAWS OF MATION when enough force is applied, the object will accelerate
SECOND LAW: LAW OF ACCELERATION
64
NEWTON'S LAWS OF MATION to every action there is always an apposite equal reaction
THIRD LAW: LAW OF INTERACTION
65
it is the capacity to do work
energy
66
energy at rest. has the potential to fall or move
potential energy
67
energy in motion
kinetic energy
68
energy cannot be created or destroyed. it is only transformed into another form of energy
conservation energy
69
study of heat and its transformation to different forms of energy
thermodynamics
70
METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER: transmission of heat from two objects with direct contact
conduction
71
METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER: heat transfer through air and water currents (liquid)
convection
72
heat transfer through rays or waves emitted by a very hot object (sun)
radiation
73
what is the speed of light
3.0 x 10^8 m/s
74
light travels fastest in a _______
vacuum (gas - liquid - solid)
75
______ of violet and blue frequencies of sunlight in all directions is what gives the sky its blue color
scattering
76
_______ is the separation of white light by a prism into bands of colors (rainbow)
dispersion
77
________ is the bending of light as it passes through an obstruction such as a small slit
diffraction
78
________ is the overlapping of light waves. the beautiful colors of soap bubbles or on thin film of oil
interference
79
_______ is when light bounces off an object
reflection
80
________ is when light changes its direction as it passes through a medium
refraction
81
a chemical wave
sound
82
sound travels fast in _______, next in ______, next in _______
solid - liquid - gas
83
sound cannot travel in _______
vacuum