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Biomedicine Specialised Core Subjects > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is the integumentary system

A

skin and other keratinous substances

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2
Q

How much of your body weight is skin

A

5-10%

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3
Q

What are the layers of skin

A

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

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4
Q

What are the strata of the epidermis

A

Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

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5
Q

Is the epidermis avascular?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What cells are in the epidermis

A

Melanocytes, dendritic cells and tactile cells

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7
Q

What is the skin classified as in term of epithelial cells

A

Stratidies squameous epithelium

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8
Q

What is the stratum baSALE

A

cONTinuously mitosic cells. Basement membrane

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9
Q

What is the stratum spinosum

A

Pre keratin filament

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10
Q

What is stratum granulosum

A

layer where keratination begins

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11
Q

What is lucidum layer

A

Layer where there are dead cells in thick skin

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12
Q

What is corneum

A

Layer where cells shed

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13
Q

How long does it take for epidermal cells to replace themselves

A

25 days to 8 weeks

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14
Q

What is dermis composed of

A

Composed of connective tissue and contains blood vessels

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15
Q

What does papillary layer compose of

A

Capillaries, nerve endings

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15
Q

What is the reticular layer compose of

A

Dense connective tissue, sebaceous and sweat glands produce hair follicles

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15
Q

What is the hypodermis composed of

A

Fat, primary purpose to store energy

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16
Q

what are flecure lines

A

dermal folds

17
Q

what is striae

A

stretch marks

18
Q

what is a blister

A

fluid filled pocket

19
Q

What pigments contribute to skin colour

A

Melanin, carotene, haemoglobin

20
Q

What triggers melanocytes

A

UV

21
Q

What types of melanin are there

A

Eumelanin (black ppl)
Pheomelanin (white ppl)

22
Q

Where is carotene from

A

Carrots

23
Q

what affect does carotene have on your skin colour

A

Orange

24
Q

How does hair work

A

An extension of the epidermis which comes from the hair root

25
Q

what types of hair are there

A

vallus and terminal

26
Q

what is vallus hair

A

Thin hair

27
Q

what is terminal hair

A

thick hair

28
Q

what is the function of the piloerector muscle

A

Used for goosebumps

29
Q

how do nails work

A

Produced from the nail root, becomes keratinised and forms a thick form of keratin

30
Q

how does the mericrine gland work

A

Secretes using exocytosis, through sweat

31
Q

How soes the apocrine work

A

Part of cell explodes. makes it smelly via bacteria. Do not play a thermoregulatory role. Mostly in armpits. Sweat has fat in it

32
Q

How does the holocrine gland work

A

The cell explodes producing sebum (oily lipids) into hair follicle

33
Q

What are the functions of skin

A

Absorption, protection, sense organ, thermoregulation, communication, vitamin production, excretion

34
Q

How does skin protect

A

Low PH retards multiplication of bacteria. Keratin blocks water. Dendritic cell recognise foreign antigen

35
Q

What absorbs in the skin

A

Vitamins, drugs, gases (O2 and CO2)

36
Q

How does skin function sensory

A

Thermoregulation, touch, pain

37
Q

How does skin thermoregulate

A

Temp regulates theough sweat and blood vessel vasodilation and vasoconstruction

38
Q

How does sensible perspiration work

A

Temps above 32 degrees you sweat

39
Q

How does insensible perspiration work

A

random water loss

40
Q

how does communication work

A

sensort receptors communicate to the CNS

41
Q

How does skin produce vitamins

A

UV synthesises vitamin D

Biomedicine Specialised Core Subjects (20 decks)

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