Somatoform Disorders (9) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 7 somatoform disorders:

A

1- somatization disorders

2- Conversion disorder

3- Hypochondriasis

4- Body Dysmorphic disorder

5- Pain disorder

6- Factitious disorder

7- Malingering

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2
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary gains?

A

Primary is for internal/ psychic motivations

Secondary is for external motivations (getting help, housing, drugs)

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3
Q

Which somatoform disorders have a conscious production of symptoms?

A

Facticious disorder and malingering

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4
Q

What conditions are the “great pretenders”?

A

Depression and anxiety

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5
Q

Within whom are somatoform disorders usually seen in and when in life do they start?

A

Higher incidence in women and usually start in early adulthood (and worsen with stress)

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6
Q

What is the etiology of somatoform disorders?

A

1- Runs in families

2- Increased incidence with a family history of alcoholism, OCD/ Mood disorder, and antisocial personality

3- Serotonin related gene pathways may be involved

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7
Q

Describe the symptoms seen in somatization disorder?

A

4 or more pain issues (2 GI, 1 sexual, 1 neuro) that cant be adequately explained by medical causes

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8
Q

Can somatization disorder be “cured”?

A

Symptoms tend to be chronic and complete remission is rare

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9
Q

What is conversion disorder?

A

Sudden and dramatic loss of one or more volunatary motor and or sensory functions suggesting a neurologic etiology

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10
Q

What usually occurs before conversion disorder?

A

psychological stress or conflict–> presenting symptom tends to have a symbolic relationship with a stressor and served to decrease anxiety associated with it

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11
Q

What is an “odd” finding with conversion disorder?

A

patients seems uncaring/ unconcerned about their remarkable symptoms

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12
Q

Who is conversion disorder most common in?

A

Individuals that are psychiatrically unsophisticated and people with depression

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13
Q

What is hypochondriasis?

A

Fear or idea of having a serious medical illness based on misinterpretation of bodily symptoms

Symptoms must persist for more than 6 months

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14
Q

What is hypochondriasis called now and what is it thought to be?

A

Illness Anxiety Disorder

It is part of the generalized anxiety disorder spectrum

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15
Q

What is body dysmorphic disorder?

A

preoccupation with an imagined problem or insignificant abnormality in appearance (usually involves the head or face)

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16
Q

What is pain disorder?

A

Protracted pain that is severe enough to cause the patient to seek medical attention.

Cannot be explained by physical causes

17
Q

Criteria for acute and chronic pain disorder?

A

Acute: 6months

18
Q

What must be on the differential diagnosis for unconscious somatoform disorders?

A

1- Unidentified organic illness

2- Depression/ anxiety

30 factitious disorder and malingering

19
Q

How are unconscious somatoform disorders managed? (5)

A

1- establish a strong doctor-patient relationship (regular short appointments, constant reassurance)

2- identify/ help decrease social stressors

3- Psychopharmacology (SSRIs)

4- Drug assisted interview under hypnosis

5- Psychotherapy

20
Q

What is factitious disorder?

A

Conscious feigning or production of physical or mental illness in order to receive attention from medical personelle

To assume the “sick” role, a primary gain to feel safe and cared for, possible secondary gain to feel proud, an expert, smarter than doctors

21
Q

What is factitious disorder also known as?

A

Munchausen syndrome

22
Q

What are some commonly feigned or produced signs and symptoms in factitious disorder?

A

Abd pain, fever, hematuria, seizures, skin lesions, tachycardia, hypoglycemia, fever, DVT

23
Q

What is malingering?

A

NOT a psychiatric illness

Conscious simulation or exaggeration of physical ir mental illness to achieve some sort of secondary gain

24
Q

When do “symptoms” seen with malingering subside?

A

As soon as the secondary gain is obtained