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EMR - First on Scene - 9th Edition La Baudour - Bergeron > Special Considerations for the Geriatric Patient Chapter 24 > Flashcards

Special Considerations for the Geriatric Patient Chapter 24 Flashcards

0
Q 
Geriatric patients often are less able to defend against illness and may take much longer to recover when they do become ill. This often results in:
A. Multiple simultaneous illnesses
B. Forgetting doctor appointments
C. Taking the wrong medications
D. Hearing loss
A

A. Multiple simultaneous illnesses

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1
Q 
The average geriatric patient takes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ medications per day.
A. 2.5
B. 3.0
C. 4.5
D. 10.0
A

C. 4.5

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2
Q 
Which one of the following can cause a patient's illness or disease process to become worse?
A. Overdosing
B. Underdosing
C. Dementia
D. Incontinence
A

B. Underdosing

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3
Q 
The loss of mobility is a common complaint among the elderly & can lead to other problems, such as:
A. Skeletal fractures
B. Hearing loss
C. Depression
D. Nearsightedness
A

C. Depression

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4
Q 
The inability to retain urine or feces is called:
A. Dementia
B. Aphasia
C. Priaprism
D. Incontinence
A

D. Incontinence

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5
Q

When assessing a geriatric patient who has an altered mental status, you must:
A. Do your best to keep him awake and alert
B. Determine if his mental state is normal
C. Determine if he has had any recent surgeries
D. Find out from family if he can walk

A

B. Determine if his mental state is normal

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6
Q

All of the following are ways the respiratory system is affected by the aging process EXCEPT:
A. Increased strength of respiratory muscles
B. Decreased flexibility of the chest
C. Collapse of the smaller airways
D. Loss of elasticity

A

A. Increased strength of respiratory muscles

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7
Q 
The aging process can cause a degeneration of the heart's electrical system, which can lead to:
A. Hearing loss
B. Vision loss
C. Dysrhythmia
D. Stroke (brain attack)
A

C. Dysrhythmia

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8
Q 
Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system can lead to changes in posture, range of motion, and:
A. Awareness
B. Medication usage
C. Mental status
D. Balance
A

D. Balance

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9
Q 
Most states have laws that require emergency medical responders to report suspected cases of:
A. Dementia
B. Abuse and neglect
C. Alzheimer's disease
D. Overdose
A

B. Abuse and neglect

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10
Q 
You have been called to the home of an elderly person & discover that she is refusing care. She states that she just wants to be left alone. You observe that the patient lives alone, is wearing only undergarments, & has multiple open sores & bruises over her body. These are most likely the signs of:
A. Abuse
B. Neglect
C. Self-neglect
D. Alzheimer's
A

C. Self-neglect

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11
Q 
While caring for an elderly patient, he shares with you that his caregiver frequently leaves him alone in his bedroom for days & refuses to respond to his calls for assistance. This may be a form of what type of abuse?
A. Physical
B.  Emotional
C. Financial
D. Sexual
A

B. Emotional

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12
Q

The assessment and emergency care of geriatric patients can sometimes be challenging due to normal age-related changes in human body. True, or false?

A

True

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13
Q

What is the exception to these statements for geriatric patients?
A. They often have multiple illnesses and to take numerous prescriptions and over-the-counter medications
B. They do not have many memory problems
C. A have problems with mobility
D. They have issues of incontinence

A

B. They do not have many memory problems

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14
Q

What 3 things contribute to respiratory challenges for the geriatric patient?

A
  1. A reduction in strength and endurance of the muscles that assist in breathing
  2. A loss of lung elasticity
  3. Collapsing of the smaller airways structures
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15
Q

What are the effects of aging for the geriatric patient on the circulatory system?

A
  1. A thickening of the walls of the heart
  2. A reduction in the effectiveness of the heart’s conduction system
  3. A loss of elasticity of the blood vessels
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16
Q

Age-related deterioration of the nervous system can cause:

A
  1. Slowing of psycho motor functioning
  2. Decreased reactions times
  3. Forgetfulness
  4. The loss of sensation and coordination
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17
Q

What is often the cause of falls among the elderly?

A

Deterioration of the nervous system

18
Q

Osteoporosis and degeneration of the musculoskeletal system can cause ______ & _______, which can lead to falls and serious injuries.

A

Bone weakness, and

general instability

19
Q

______________ & ______________ is a challenge for the elderly because of degeneration related curvature of the spine.

A

Immobilization, and

Airway maintenance

20
Q

How does age change the skin?

A
  1. Skin becomes thinner and weaker
  2. It becomes more susceptible to tears and injuries
  3. Due to sluggish cellular regeneration, it can be very slow to heal
21
Q

When assessing the geriatric patient, what should you remember to look for in the patient’s environment?

A
  1. Unsafe conditions
  2. Nonworking heating and cooling systems
  3. Signs that may indicate abuse or neglect
22
Q

What is the meaning of geriatric?

A

People over the age of 65; of or relating to an elderly person

23
Q

What are the common misconceptions regarding elderly people?

A

They are usually ill, hard of hearing, and have an altered mental state to the point of not being able to provide reliable information to caregivers.

24
Q

What does OTC mean?

A

Over the counter (relates to medication)

25
Q

On average, how many medications do elderly patients take per day?

A

4.5 medications per day

26
Q

Elderly patients on fixed incomes may cut their medications in half or take them only every other day in an attempt to get them to last longer than prescribed. This is termed as underdosing and can cause the patient’s illness or disease process to get worse. True, or false?

A

True

27
Q

What are some of the age-related sensory changes geriatric patients have which directly impact communication?

A
  1. Lower sensitivity to pain or touch
  2. An altered sense of smell or taste
  3. A certain amount of hearing loss
  4. Impaired vision or blindness
28
Q

What percentage of the elderly suffer from some form of incontinence?

A

Between 15% and 60%

29
Q

What factors predispose elderly persons to the inability to retain urine or feces?

A
  1. Diseases such as diabetes
  2. Illnesses that cause diarrhea
  3. Certain medications
30
Q

Without regular exercise, the lungs will begin the aging process with decreased ability to ventilate properly at what age?

A

As early as the age of 30.

31
Q

Geriatric trauma patients who have lost a good amount of blood should be treated for ________, even if their signs and symptoms do not indicate it.

A

Shock

32
Q

The brain loses about ___% of its overall ________ between the ages of 20 and 90 years.

A

10%

Weight

33
Q

Depression is a common condition found among elderly patients, especially among males. True, or false?

A

True

34
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

The loss of minerals from bones.

35
Q

Age-related changes in them musculoskeletal system can lead to changes in:

A
  1. Posture
  2. Range of motion
  3. Balance
36
Q

Aging causes a substantial decrease in the overall number of nerve fibers & the speed at which the impulses travel across them. Over time, those deterioration’s mean that elderly patients may experience:

A
  1. Decreased reaction times
  2. Difficulty with recent memory
  3. Psychomotor slowing
37
Q

Dark areas of pigment on the skin are usually called?

A

Age spots, or liver spots

38
Q

What is Alzheimer’s disease?

A

A progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain and results in impaired memory, thinking, and behavior.

39
Q

What is the leading cause of trauma injury death among the elderly?

A

Falls

40
Q

What is self-neglect?

A

The inability or unwillingness to provide or care for oneself. Self-neglect can be a deliberate act on the part of the elderly person, or it can also be the result of the inability to properly care for oneself due to illness, dementia, or physical limitations.

41
Q

What is Elder neglect?

A

The abandonment or the deprivation of basic needs such as water, food, housing, clothing, or medical care.

42
Q

What is elder abuse?

A

The physical, sexual, or emotional abuse of an elderly person, usually one who is disabled or frail.

EMR - First on Scene - 9th Edition La Baudour - Bergeron (26 decks)

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