Special environments

Question 1

[Energy system]

Used in 100m dash, jumping, diving

Answer 1

Phosphagen energy system

first 8-10 seconds

Question 2

[Energy system]

used in tennis, soccer

Answer 2

Glycogen-lactic acid system

For 1.3 to 1.6 minutes

Question 3

[Energy system]

Used in long-distance jogging

Answer 3

Aerobic system

Question 4

[Adaptation to high altitude]

Acute effects are felt by an unacclimatized person at ___ feet

Answer 4

12,000 feet

Question 5

[Adaptation to high altitude]

Seizures will be present in an unacclimatized person at ___ feet

Answer 5

18,000 feet

Question 6

[Adaptation to high altitude]

Death will happen in an unacclimatized person at ___ feet

Answer 6

23,000 feet

Question 7

What are the anatomic characteristics of people naturally acclimatized in high altitude environment?

Answer 7

Larger heart, lungs, shorter height

Question 8

High altitude predisposes to hypocalcemic tetany because ___

Answer 8

plasma proteins are more ionized under alkalotic conditions; more protein anion to bind with calcium causing hypocalcemia

Question 9

What returns to normal after acclimatizations?

Answer 9

CO

Question 10

[Adaptations to flight]

in Positive G, blood is shunted towards _____

Answer 10

lower extremities

Question 11

[Adaptations to flight]

positive ____ G

leads to vertebral fracture

Answer 11

+20G

Question 12

[Adaptations to flight]

positive ___ G leads to blackouts, LOC, death

Answer 12

+6 to 10G

Question 13

[Adaptations to flight]

refers to when the pilot is pushed against his seat; deemed to me more dangerous

Answer 13

positive G

Question 14

[Adaptations to flight]

refers to when the pilot is pushed agains his seatbelt; deemed to be less dangerous

Answer 14

negative G

Question 15

[Adaptations to flight]

blood is shunted to which body part in negative G

Answer 15

head

can present in red out eyes and transient psychotic disturbances

Question 16

[Adaptations to flight]

negative G values that results to death

Answer 16

-20G

Question 17

[Adaptations to space]

What are the acute effects

Answer 17

1. Motion sickness
2. Translocation of fluids
3. Diminished physical activity

Question 18

[Adaptations to space]

What are the chronic effects of living in space

Answer 18

1. Decreased blood volume
2. Decreased RBC
3. Decreased muscle strength
4. Decreased maximum CO
5. Loss of Ca and phosphate from bones

Question 19

[Diving]

What is the maximum safe depth

Answer 19

200 feet below sea level

Question 20

[Diving]

what gas accumulates with rapid ascent

Answer 20

nitrogen