Structure 2.1.1 -- 2.1.2 Flashcards
may 22 (12 cards)
metals lose electrons
forms cations
metals gain electrons
forms anions
how are ionic bonds formed
ionic bonds are formed by the electrostatic attraction b/w oppositely charged ions
how to name an ionic compound
name the cation first, then the anion. the anion ending is ide if its a simple compound (not polyatomic)
What property of metal makes it easy to lose an electron
metals have relatively low nuclear charge, resulting in low ionization energies
Whatg properties of non metals make it easier to gain an electron
non metals have a higher nuclear charge, and hence a greater electron affinity
what forms the most vigorous ionic compounds
Between elements that are farthest apart (e.g. Fr +F)
why cant C and Si (group 14 non metals) form ions
they are energeetically unfavorable
Why are noble gases unreactive
Bc the energy requirments for them to gain or lose an electron are too high
Why do transition metals form ions of diffrent charges
bc of the availability of d orbital electrons
+d orbital metals will lose electrons until it becomes energetically unfavourable (can be deduced from a graph of successive ionization energies)
what happens when the charge on a transition metal exceeds 3+
characteristics of the compound becomes increasingly covalent
Define oxidation state + its sign
the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms are fully ionic.
it is written like the charge (1+) but reverse order (+1)
