Structure 2.1.3. Ionic structures + properties

Question 1

Ionic in ionic structures

Answer 1

Ionic refers to both the type of bond + the compound

Question 2

Define lattice structure

Answer 2

the (empirical formula) fixed arrangement of ions based on a repeating unit

Question 3

Physical properties of ionic compounds

Answer 3

high melting + boiling points due to a strong electrostatic attraction and a stable lattice arrangement

low voltalitly

soluble in polar solvents (like H2O)

electrical when aqueous, or melted

Question 4

define lattice enthalpy

Answer 4

the energy needed to seperate particles attracted to eachother in a lattice

Question 5

under what conditions is the lattice enthalpy the greatest

Answer 5

when ion charge is high + radius is small

Question 6

what happens when pressure is applied to a lattice structure

Answer 6

it repels, causin g lattice to split apart

Question 7

cationic character trend across a period & down a group

Answer 7

decreses across a period, increases down a group

Question 8

atomic character trend across a period & down a group

Answer 8

increases across a period, decreases down a group

Question 9

whats Xe ( x in cursive?)

Answer 9

electronegativity

Question 10

percentage ionic character formula

Answer 10

Xe (electronegativity) diffrence/ 3.2

Question 11

Note: a electronegativity difffrence = 1.8 or greater is considered to be predominantly ionic

Question 12

ion compounds are brittle solids so they split easily; they repel eachother, allowing a layer to seperate

Question 13

define polar solvent

Answer 13

where one atom has a greater “share” (Xe) of the electrons in the covalent bonds, creating dipoles (s+/s-)

Question 14

why does cationic character increase down a group

Answer 14

due to increased shielding

Question 15

why does cationic character decrease across a period

Answer 15

bc nuclear charge increases

Question 16

Pauling scale

1 —— 0.5 —— 1.8 ——3.2
pure polar ionic pure
covalent ionic