Structure 2.2.1 - Covalent bonding, Octet Rule, Lewis Structures

Question 1

define covalent bond

Answer 1

electrostatic attraction b/w a shared pair of e- and positively charged nuclei

Question 2

note: covalent bonds=electrons shared b/w atoms, a group of atoms bonded tgt= molecule

no charges
use prefixes

Question 3

define lone/non bonding pairs

Answer 3

these are the electrons that are already paired in the v shell and do not take part in bonding (but they help determine the molecular geometry)

Question 4

define bonding pairs

Answer 4

electrons that form the covalent bonds b/w atoms

Question 5

steps on drawing lewis structures

Answer 5

1.List the atoms in the moleucle and the number of v e- they have
2.multiply the # of v e- for each atom by the # atoms of that element in the formula
3.add them up
4.identify the skeletal structure (by connecting atoms to the central atom w single bonds)
5. add lone pairs so that each atom fulfills its octet rule
6.check to see if # of e- matches the original calculation
#if there are too many e-, remove lone pairs and add a double or triple

Question 6

define central atom

Answer 6

The atom w the most unpaired electrons