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EPPP > Symptoms > Flashcards

Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

Blindsight

A

Location damage – occipital lobe -> visual cortex

Symptoms –
* not consciously seeing visual stimuli, but having appropriate behavioral and physiological responses

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2
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Location damage – occipital-temporal junction

Symptoms –
* inability to recognize the faces of familiar people

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3
Q

Split-Brain

A

Location damage – corpus callosum

Symptoms –
* when the left visual field is shown a spoon, the person can locate the spoon with their left hand, but cannot identify the object.
* when the right visual is shown a spoon, the person can locate the spoon with their right hand and identify the object.

Syndromes –
* the corpus callosum is severed in patients with seizures in an effort to stop/reduce seizures

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4
Q

Open Injury TBI

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* a penetrative injury to the brain resulting from a TBI

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5
Q

Closed Injury TBI

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* an internal injury to the brain resulting from a TBI
loss or alteration of consciousness that varies in severity
* when consciousness returns, a combination of emotional, cognitive, behavioral, & physical symptoms can occur

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6
Q

Cognitive Symptoms TBI

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* associated with closed TBI injuries
* anterograde amnesia; used to determine TBI severity & good predictor of recovery from other symptoms
* retrograde amnesia; recent long-term memory more effected, when memories return, distant past memories are recovered first

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7
Q

Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
(PTE)

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* occurs more than week after a TBI, more difficult to treat than PTS
* when medication is ineffective, vagus nervous stimulation, responsive neurostimulation, or surgery are explored

Syndrome –
* TBI

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8
Q

Post-Traumatic Seizures
(PTS)

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* occurs within one week after a TBI
* treated with anti-seizure medication

Syndrome –
* TBI

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9
Q

Ataxia

A

Location damage – cerebellum

Symptoms –
* impaired balance, coordination, lack of muscle control
* slurred speech
* blurred or double-vision, jerky eye movements

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10
Q

Achromatopsia

A

Location damage – occipital lobe -> visual cortex

Symptoms –
* loss of color vision

Syndromes –
* visual agnosia

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11
Q

Anomia

A

Location damage – frontal lobe -> Broca’s area + temporal lobe -> Wernicke’s area

Symptoms –
* inability to recall names of familiar objects or known words

Syndromes –
* Broca’s aphasia (expressive aphasia)
* Wernicke’s aphasia (receptive aphasia)

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12
Q

Agnosia

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* inability to interpret sensations
* inability to recognize things

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13
Q

Aphasia

A

Location damage – varies

Symptoms –
* inability to understand or express speech

Syndromes –
* TBI
* Broca’s area
* Wernicke’s area

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14
Q

Agraphia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe left hemisphere

Symptoms –
* impaired writing skills

Syndromes –
* Gerstmann’s

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15
Q

Acalculia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe left hemisphere

Symptoms –
* loss of math skills

Syndromes –
* Gerstmann’s

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16
Q

Aprosodia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe left hemisphere

Symptoms –
* inability to express or understand speech

Syndromes –
* TBI
* stroke
* progressive neurologic disease

17
Q

Somatosensory Agnosia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe

Symptoms –
* tactile agnosia (inability to recognize objects by touch)
* asomatognosia (lack of interest or recognition of one or more parts of one’s own body)
* anosognosia (denial of one’s own illness/disability)

18
Q

Anosognosia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe

Symptoms –
* denial of one’s own illness/disability

19
Q

Asomatognosia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe

Symptoms –
* lack of interest or recognition of one or more parts of one’s own body

20
Q

Tactile Agnosia

A

Location damage – parietal lobe

Symptoms –
* inability to recognize objects by touch

21
Q

Contralateral Neglect

A

Location damage – parietal lobe right hemisphere

Symptoms –
* inattention to one side of the body and visual field

22
Q

Gerstmann’s Syndrome

A

Location damage – parietal lobe left hemisphere

Symptoms –
* finger agnosia (inability to recognize or identify the various fingers)
* right-left disorientation
* agraphia (impaired writing skills)
* acalculia (loss of math skills)

23
Q

Dysexecutive Syndrome

A

Location damage – dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Symptoms –
* impaired attention, working memory, judgement, & abstract thinking

24
Q

Disinhibited Syndrome

A

Location damage – orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex

Symptoms –
* distractibility
* emotion lability + inappropriate euphoria
* acquired sociopathy (risky behavior, need for persistent instant gratification, & lack of empathy & insight)

25
Q

Apathetic-Akinetic Syndrome

A

Location damage – mediofrontal prefrontal cortex

Symptoms –
* decreased motor behaviors + verbal output
* lack of motivation + goal-directed activity
* apathy + indifference

26
Q

Perseveration

A

Location damage – dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Symptoms –
* getting stuck on a topic + repeating ideas that don’t fit the situation

27
Q

Cerebrovascular Accident
CVA

stroke

A

Function – stroke; sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain; ischemic stroke & hemorrhage stroke.

Location – varies

Risk factors –
* heart disease, hardening arteries
* obesity, diabetes
* heavy alcohol use, cig smoking
* older age, male sex, African American race
* family history of strokes

28
Q

Ischemic Stroke

A

Function – cerebral artery blood clot; most common stroke type

Location – varies

Damage –
* thrombotic if the clot started in the brain artery
* embolic if the clot started in elsewhere & traveled to the brain
* transient if blockage is less than 5min; warning sign of a severe stroke

29
Q

Hemorrhage Stroke

A

Function – ruptured cerebral artery

Location – middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, & posterior cerebral artery

Damage –
* intracerebral if ruptured within the brain
* subarachnoid if ruptured between the brain & membrane

30
Q

Posterior Cerebral Artery
Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

Function – ruptured cerebral artery

Location – supplies blood to the temporal & occipital lobes

Symptoms –
* memory deficits, unilateral cortical blindness, visual impairments, color agnosia, hemianopsia (blindness in over half the field of vision)

31
Q

Middle Cerebral Artery
Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

Function – ruptured cerebral artery

Location – supplies blood to the frontal & lateral temporal & parietal lobes

Symptoms –
* contralateral sensory loss/weakness/paralysis in arm & face
* contralateral neglect
* impaired vision
* aphasia (inability to understand/express speech)
* apraxia with left hemisphere damage (fine movement deficit)

32
Q

Anterior Cerebral Artery
Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

Function – ruptured cerebral artery

Location – supplies blood to the frontal & parietal lobes

Symptoms –
* contralateral sensory loss/weakness/paralysis in leg
* impaired insight + attention
* mutism
* confusion + apathy

EPPP (15 decks)

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