Technical Rescue SOGs(Paragraphs 1700-2800) Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
HFD is mandated by the _____ to conduct
searches on _____ and in the _____.
A
City Charter
land
ocean
2
Q
Search strategy is decided after the
______, the level of ______ has been
determined, and the search _____, _____,
and _____ have been selected.
A
gathering of information urgency area perimeter routes
3
Q
8 pieces of Information for mountain
searches include _____. 8 things
A
1)patient age/medical hx/physical condition/ state of mind/equipment carried 2)physical/clothing description 3)determining the PLS 4)determining the plan, objective, or destination. 5)determine alternate plans 6)determine all possible routes 7)interviewing all witnesses 8)recording witness contact info
4
Q
the level of urgency determines whether
or not _____ needs to take place.
It also determines the ______ or ______
operational mode.
A
immediate action
rescue
recovery
5
Q
10 Issues to consider when determining
urgency include ______. (10 things)
A
time overdue time of day weather difficulty of terrain patient age patient health patient experience patient past history equipment with patient witness reliability
6
Q
Search perimeters are determined by the
rescue captain and after the area inside
the perimeter has been ______,
it should be _____ and another area _____.
A
thoroughly searched
temporarily eliminated
selected
7
Q
Many ocean victims are found _____.
A
near the PLS
8
Q
disoriented people tend to travel _____.
A
downhill and downstream
9
Q
deceased people tend to be found _____.
A
at the base of a vertical drop
10
Q
if a person is not injured, they try _____.
A
to reach higher ground (generally).
11
Q
10 Common HFD searches
A
aerial survey scratch saturation free line underwater line platform helo night search extended
12
Q
6 underwater line searches
A
circular drag line half moon jack stand pier walk running line
13
Q
An aerial search is normally conducted by
the _____ and 1 or 2 _____.
A
pilot
rescue personnel
14
Q
Primary goal of an aerial search is to _____.
A
find the victim and report the location
15
Q
Aerial searches should be conducted
______ and may include _____ and _____.
A
rapidly
survey
scratch search methods
16
Q
A survey search is a _____.
A
quick first-pass that covers a large area.
17
Q
Survey searches over water are
productive in _____.
A
ocean current lines
offshore rubbish lines
along shorelines
large open areas.
18
Q
Survey searches over land are productive
over _____ and along _____.
A
large open areas
trails
19
Q
Survey searches are productive at night
if the patient has a _____ or if the pilot
utilizes the ______.
A
light
FLIR
20
Q
A scratch search is a _____.
A
rapid, logical search by a small rescue team over routes or locations where the patient might be expected.
21
Q
_____ teams may _____ conduct a scratch
search. one team will conduct an _____
search and the other will be _____.
A
2
simultaneously
aerial
on land or on the ocean
22
Q
Scratch search can be divided into 2 teams
with 1 heading _____ the trail and the other
heading _____ the trail.
A
up (to summit, destination, trail end)
down (to trailhead)
23
Q
The objective of the scratch search
A
quickly check out the areas that have a
relatively high probability of success.
24
Q
A saturation search involves a _____.
A
a search of all underwater or surface terrain
in a given area.
25
_____ is the key in a saturation search.
you must check as many places as
possible for clues.
thoroughness
26
Saturation searches must be _____. They
| tend to be _____.
systematic and methodical
| slow and tedious
27
one type of Free search is an _____. It is conducted
when there is an ______ that will _____ the
movement of the rescue diver.
underwater search
extremely restrictive area of debris, roots
growth, objects, and currents
hinder
28
Another type of free search is when _____.
| After surfacing, they are taken _____.
2 rescue divers are deployed and drift
down current across the bottom.
back up current to begin again.
29
A line search is when _____
searches form a line close enough together
so that they can see the all the ground
between them.
30
After the line of searchers is created, the
| line of searchers start _____.
to move forward at a very slow pace.
31
An underwater line search 2 requirements
a rope or line is used
| rescue divers are attached to the rope/line
32
UL-Circular Search
rescue divers swim in concentric circles
over the bottom while tethered to a
central object or another rescue diver.
33
UL-Drag line search
rescue divers hold onto lines that are
attached to the boat and are dragged
at a safe distance from the boat.
34
UL-Half Moon Search
a rescue diver searches from the shore
and searches in a semi-circular motion
from shore to shore.
35
Half moon searches can begin _____ or
| they can begin at a ______ and work _____.
at the shore
predetermined distance away from shore
toward the shore
36
Half moon searches allow for a _____ and
is ideal for searching for ____. It also works
well in _____.
faster bottom search
large objects such as automobiles
non-flat contour bottoms.
37
UL-jack stand searches use a ______ no
more than _____ with a _____ weight
attached to each end. Attached to each
weight is a _____ with a _____.
```
polypropylene line
125'
15-25#
vertical line
float
```
38
```
Jack stand searches are accomplished
as the rescue diver follows the line to the
weight. The diver moves the line ______
(how much depends on conditions) and
continues _____ . This process is ______
until a ______.
```
outward
back down the line to the other weight.
repeated
given area has been searched
39
Jack stands are good when the bottom
contour is _____. They are more effective
when searching for _____. They are not
effective for covering ______.
flat or relatively flat
small objects
a large bottom area quickly
40
UL-Pier walk search
when a line is used to control the distance
of the rescue diver. the line is taken up
incrementally by the rescueman on the pier
or shoreline until a given area is searched.
this rescueman walks parallel with the
diver as they search.
41
Pier walk searches work well when _____
a large area next to a pier or along a
| shoreline need to be searched.
42
UL-Running Line Search
this is when a rescue diver searches
straight out from the line anchor point to
a certain distance and returns straight
back to the anchor point. the anchor point
is then shifted 2 feet and the search
continues.
43
Running line searches are good when
_____. This search helps the diver _____ if
necessary and _____ the loss of area
searched.
there is heavy grass or debris
untangle
minimizes
44
If there are strong currents, searches
should be performed _____ whenever
possible.
from a dock, pier, or boat
45
Night searches with the helicopter are
only initiated after _____ unanimously
agree that _____.
the IC, pilot, and Rescue Captain
| the risk is acceptable
46
Extended searches take place over _____.
All ______, ______, ______, and _____ shall
be recorded and _____.
```
several days
activities conducted
areas searched
clues found
information gathered
passed on to oncoming personnel
```
47
If an extended search will continue after
_____ than approval from the _____ is
required.
3 consecutive days
| fire chief or deputy fire chief
48
What can be used to record areas
| searched and where clues found?
maps
| GPS
49
4 things to pass on regarding search info, include _____.
areas searched
who conducted the search
time of search
type of search
50
Each rescue member is responsible for
| _____.
briefing his counterpart
51
Once a patient is located, operations
| change from _____ to _____ or ______.
search mode
technical rescue mode
recovery mode
52
3 Rescue mode goals
insertion at or near the patient
patient assessment
extrication ASAP
53
HFD's preferred method of conducting
| rescue ops
using the helicopter
54
Who is initially dispatched to all mountain
| and ocean rescue incidents?
helicopter
rescue company
1st-in company
1st-in BC
55
"particular" water operations
water ops that require entry into unhealthy
water environment.
water ops that may infringe on private
salvage company responsibilities.
56
5 assessment findings reported to the IC
```
patient condition
# of patients
risk assessment
recommendation to keep/change IAP
request for resources
```
57
GPS is used to determine an _____. It is
| also used to show _____ and _____. GPS can also be used for _____.
accurate location
the areas searched
location of rescue personnel
ocean navigation
58
bang stick
underwater firearm used for protection
59
compass
navigational aid used to find direction
60
watercraft
small, quick, maneuverable apparatus that
| is used for insertion/extraction in rough seas, surf zones, or shallow areas.
61
Dive Propulsion Vehicle
underwater scooter- battery powered
| motorized apparatus that is capable of transporting rescue personnel underwater.
62
radar
electronic navigational aid used to
| determine locations of objects
63
fish finder
uses sonar to locate objects underwater
| and to give depth and bottom contours.
64
Additional Agency Resources
```
USCG
State Crash
DLNR
MCBH
Ocean Safety
Federal Lifeguards
MAST-Army 68th Med. Detachment Helos
HPD - helicopter and K-9 units
```
65
Before terminating operations, the IC shall
| ensure _____
accountability of all patients and personnel
66
Rescue personnel must _____ the pilot
with preparing the helicopter for a
_____ status.
assist
| readiness
67
We can help the pilot with _____.
repacking/setting up the billy pugh net
securing headsets and seatbelts
securing/removing all equipment in the back
68
PIA
post incident analysis
69
PIA is conducted by the _____ and is done
| after _____.
rescue captain
| every incident
70
PIAs should include _____.
all personnel assigned to the incident.
71
PIAs for extended searches require _____.
notification of Fire 3
72
The _____ shall coordinate the PIA with all
other ICs and Rescue Captains involved in
_____.
initial IC
| extended searches
73
_____ authorizes all compensations for PIAs
Fire 3
74
9 steps taken prior to boat launching
```
position apparatus and trailer
disconnect bow from trailer
remove tie-down straps
prepare bow/stern lines
place bumpers if necessary
load equipment
batteries "on"
turn on electronic devices/raise antennas
insert hull plugs if applicable
```
75
boat launching requires 4 personnel. they
| perform the following:
apparatus operator
boat operator
bow line man
stern line man
76
The bow line and the stern line men bring
| the boat _____.
alongside the pier/dock
77
7 seamanship skills required to operate an
| HFD boat
```
launching/docking boat
handling two engines
using the helm(wheel) to turn the boat
using the engines to turn the boat
slowing/stopping boat
operating safely around rescue divers
approaching/retrieving rescue personnel
```
78
4 docking skills required to operate an HFD
| boat
unassisted docking
docking with bow line assistance
docking with stern line assistance
docking utilizing "spring" lines
79
In heavy seas, you may have to meet
waves at around _____ to make headway
and reduce hull stress.
45 degrees
80
"heave to"
to adjust your heading just a few degrees
so that you can use just enough power
to make headway
81
"meeting each wave"
during heavy seas, nurse the wheel, adjust
speed subtlely, stopping if necessary, and
meet each wave individually.
82
adjusting the trim
raises the bow up or down. is done as is
| necessary
83
tacking across the troughs is _____.
making the turn for your zigzag as quickly
as possible in the trough and taking swells
at a 45 degree angle while maintaining
your heading.
84
When tacking, use the _____ amount of
turns as possible to minimize time in the
trough.
fewest
85
If seas or swells are coming from directly
behind the boat you may _____ as long as
you can maintain heading.
run before the seas
86
Avoid _____ when coming down slope of
| swell towards the trough.
digging in or broaching
87
broaching could lead to the boat _____ if
| the swell catches the stern.
pitching end over end
88
chine walking is common to _____ hulls.
V-shaped
89
chine
where the bottom of the hull meets the
| sides of the hull.
90
try to minimize having the _____ dig into
water during turns. this could potentially
cause _____.
chines
| rollovers
91
chine walking is when _____.
when the boat rocks side to side from
chine to chine as the hull slips on the
water. if not controlled it could lead to
rollover.
92
chine walking is best controlled by
| _____. It can also be controlled by _____.
slowing down
small steering corrections, trim correction,
or both.
93
porpoising
the rhythmic up and down motion of the
| bow that is not caused by the wave action.
94
porpoising is normally caused by _____.
| 3 things
trim errors, weight distribution too far aft,
| or hull design
95
navigational aids that have # begin in
| sequence at the _____ of an inlet or channel.
seaward end
96
right side aids are ____ with ____ lights
and have ____. _____ are used on the
right side
red
red
even #s
nun buoys
97
left side aids are ____ with ____ lights
and have ____. _____ are used on the
left side.
green
green
odd #s
can buoys
98
port =
| starboard =
left
| right
99
Can buoys
cylindrical can shaped buoys
100
nun buoys
cylindrical cone shaped buoys
101
lighted buoys have ____ with a ____ atop.
short metal skeletons
| light
102
lighted buoys can be either _____.
red and even or green and odd
103
What buoys mark the middle of the channel?
black and white or red and black can or
| nun buoys
104
buoys that mark the middle of the channel
| have _____ lights and are _____.
white
| lettered
105
black and white buoys are ____.
vertically striped
106
red and black buoys are ____.
horizontally striped
107
informational, advisory, and regulatory
| buoys have _____.
orange stripes on the top and bottom of the
| buoy
108
daymarks are also used as navigational
| aids within _____.
channels or inlets
109
daymarks are either _____ or _____.
triangular and red with even #
| square and green with odd #
110
daymarks may or may not have ____.
lights
111
daymarks sometimes are _____.
lettered
112
Range markers/lights are _____.
placed on land and indicate the center line
of the channel. they are at different
locations so that when they line up, you are
in the middle of the channel.
113
range lights may be of _____ and may
| show different _____.
any color
| flashing characteristics
114
the principle requirement of range lights
they must be easily distinguished from
| other onshore lights
115
the ____ range lights are mounted _____.
rear
| higher than the front range lights
116
Primary seacoast lights
warn of proximity to land.
| typically are lighthouses.
117
Oahu has 4 primary seacoast lights
kaena pt
diamond head
barbers pt
makapu'u pt
118
After life safety goals have been
accomplished, _____ or _____ are at the
discretion of the rescue captain.
towing a boat
| righting a capsized boat
119
Rescue companies _____ boats that have
gone aground unless necessary to save a
life.
shall never attempt to remove
120
If towing or righting a boat, HFD may ____
| for any damage that occurs.
be responsible
121
Towing or righting is a _____ operation.
salvage
122
5 things to do if a catamaran mast is filled with water.
```
cut/remove sails
collapse mast if possible
right hull without mast attached
place mast on canopy
tow catamaran
```
123
Attempts to right a capsized catamaran
| should only be done if _____.
the mast has not filled with water
124
If an outrigger canoe's hull is full of water,
be prepared to rig a _____ that consists of
lashing the canoe where the forward _____
meets the _____ on _____. After lashing,
tie an equalizing bowline just underneath
the hull at the _____. Then tie a _____
around the _____.
```
bridle
iaku
hull
both sides of the hull
first seat
half hitch
bow
```
125
6 special seamanship skills
```
making headway
heaving to
meeting each wave
adjusting trim
running before the seas
tacking across the trough
```
