The Pectoral Region (CV1)

Question 1

list the 3 parts of the sternum superiorly to inferiorly

Answer 1

Manubrium
Body
Xyphoid process

Question 2

what is the superior portion of the sternum

Answer 2

manubrium

Question 3

the body is inferior to the ____ in the sternum

Answer 3

manubrium

Question 4

what is inferior to the body in the sternum

Answer 4

xiphoid process

Question 5

what articulate the manubrium to the body

Answer 5

Sternal angle/angle of Louis

Question 6

what is the name of the notch on the superior border of the manubrium

Answer 6

suprasternal/jugular

Question 7

the body of the sternum attaches to which ribs

Answer 7

2-7

Question 8

which rib can you identify from palpating the sternal angle/angle of Louis

Answer 8

Rib 2

Question 9

the anterior parts of the ribs are composed of ______ cartilage.

Answer 9

costal

Question 10

which are the true ribs that attach to the sternum

Answer 10

1-7

Question 11

which ribs are the false ribs which join the 7th cartilage and not the sternum directly

Answer 11

8-10

Question 12

which are the floating ribs

Answer 12

11-12

Question 13

The ribs articulate posteriorly with the ______ vertebrae

Answer 13

thoracic

Question 14

where does intercostal muscle lie

Answer 14

intercostal space

Question 15

define typical ribs and which ribs they are

Answer 15

head, neck, tubercle, and body
3-9

Question 16

which ribs are atypical

Answer 16

1,2,10,11,12

Question 17

How many T vertebrae

Answer 17

12

Question 18

what is palpable on midline of back (posterior)

Answer 18

spinous processes of vertibrae

Question 19

The skin of the thoracic wall is innervated by _____ nerves

Answer 19

spinal

Question 20

define dermatome

Answer 20

area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve

Question 21

The breasts (mammary glands) are superficial/deep to the muscles of the chest wall

choose correct answer from bold

Answer 21

superficial

Question 22

describe Neurovascular Supply of the Breast

Answer 22

axillary artery
internal thoracic artery (ITA)

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 2-6 intercostal nerves

Fourth intercostal nerve (nipple)

Question 23

There are five groups of lymph nodes in the axilla, name them.

Answer 23

central, pectoral, humeral, sub-scapular, apical

CHAPS (mnemonic)

Question 24

what group of lymph nodes drain the breast, upper limb, chest wall, scapular region, and the abdominal
wall.

Answer 24

axilla

Question 25

list the 3 intercostal muscle layers

Answer 25

external
internal
innermost

Question 26

how any layers of intercostal muscle is there

Answer 26

3

Question 27

which is the most superficial muscle of the anterior chest wall

A)pectoris minor
B)Pectoris major
C)Serratus anterior

Answer 27

B

Question 28

T/F
pectoris major lies superficial to pectoris minor

Answer 28

T

Question 29

which muscle a superficial muscle that sweeps around the lateral aspect of the thoracic cage

A)pectoris minor
B)Pectoris major
C)Serratus anterior

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Using muscles such as Pectoris maj
Pectoris min, Serratus anterior in breathing may indicate?

Answer 30

respiratory distress.

Question 31

A patient arriving at A&E is using their accessory muscles of breathing. Which muscles are these, and what does this tell you about the patient?

Answer 31

Pectoris maj
Pectoris min
Serratus anterior
sternocleidomastoid

Respiratory distress

Question 32

3. Which lymph nodes are usually affected first by the spread of breast cancer and why

Answer 32

most lymph is drained from axillary nodes which contains 5 groups of lymph nodes

Most important group is apical (at apex of breast) since it receives lymph from the other collections of axillary nodes

axillary nodes are therefore usually first affected by metastases