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ANATOMY > Verterbral Column > Flashcards

Verterbral Column Flashcards

1
Q

What structures does the vertebral column have

A

Bone
CT
Spinal Cord
Nervous tissue

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2
Q

How many bones in vertebral column

A

33

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3
Q

What are vertebrae separated by

A

Intervertebral disks

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4
Q

4 main functions of vertebral column

A

MAPS

Movement, axis, protection, support

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5
Q

How is the vertebral column protective

A

Encloses and protects spinal cord in the spinal canal

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6
Q

How does the vertebral column support

A

Holds weight of upper body above pelvis

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7
Q

What is axis in the function of vertebral column

A

Forms the central axis of body

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8
Q

How many cervical vertebrae

A

7

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9
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae

A

12

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10
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae

A

5

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11
Q

How many sacral vertebrae

A

5/1 technically 5 but fused

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12
Q

How many coccyx vertebrae

A

4/1 technically 4 but fused

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13
Q

2 features of common vertebral structure

A

anterior vertebral body
posterior vertebral arch.

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14
Q

Does the vertebral line the anterior or posterior of each vertebra

A

Anterior

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15
Q

T/F

the superior AND and inferior parts of the vertebral body lined with hyaline cartilage?

A

T

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16
Q

T/F

The vertebral arch forms the MEDIAL and POSTERIOR aspects of each vertebrae.

A

FALSE

why?
arch forms the LATERAL and posterior of each vertebrae

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17
Q

What are the foramina?

A

combination of the vertebral arch and body forms a gap in the spinal cord

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18
Q

what is the vertebral canal

A

all foramina of each vertebrae forming hollow column

19
Q

What else apart from spinal ford does the foramina contain

A

Adipose tissue
Areolar connective tissue
Blood vessels

(AAB)

20
Q

Which 2 spinal curvatures are convex/lordosis

A

Cervical
lumbar

21
Q

Which 2 spinal curvatures are concaved/kyphosis

A

Thoracic
sacral

22
Q

Describe the functions of curvatures of spine

A

Posture
Strength
Balance
Shock absobing

23
Q

which 2 out of the following are PRIMARY curves

Cervical
Lumbar
Thoracic
Sacral

A

Thoracic
Sacral

why?

Maintain original curvature of embryonic vertical column

24
Q

which 2 out of the following are SECONDARY curves

Cervical
Lumbar
Thoracic
Sacral

A

Cervical
Lumbar

why?

develops after birth

25
Q

what are all the bony prominences on the vertebral arch for

A

Attachment sites for muscles and ligaments

26
Q

Name all 5 bony prominences of the vertical arch

A

PLAST
Pedicles
Lamina
Articular processes
Spinous processes
Transverse processes

27
Q

Pedicles function

A

connect body to transverse processes

28
Q

Lamina function

A

Connects transverse to spinous processes

29
Q

Articular processes function and how many

A

2
Articulate superior and inferior vertebrae

30
Q

Spinous processes function and how many

A

1
Tip of every vertebra

31
Q

Transverse processes function

A

Has 2
In thoracic vertebrae, they connect to ribs

32
Q

Distinguishable features of Cervical vertebrae

A

-Bifid/prong at the spinous process
-Holes in the transverse process
-Squared almost semi-circle body
-Triangular foramen
-Lateral view looks like a chicken wing

33
Q

Distinguishable features of Thoracic vertebrae

A

-Slightly Isosceles, downwards pointing spinous processes
-Circular foramen
-additional articular facets for ribs
-laterally looks like switch blade

34
Q

Distinguishable features of lumbar vertebrae

A

-Largest and strongest of vertebrae
-short lemniscate-shaped spinous processes
-large oval body
-triangular foramen
-laterally looks like balls

35
Q

what do axis and atlas mean in terms of vertebrae?

A

ATLAS = C1
AXIS = C2

36
Q

how do atlas and axis vertebrae differ from the other C vertebrae structurally

A

Atlas is a ring bone with no body or spinous processes

Axis has a body and peglike processes called dens

37
Q

how do atlas and axis vertebrae differ from the other C vertebrae structurally

A

Atlas is a ring bone with no body or spinous processes

Axis has a body and peglike processes called dens
-dense allows pivot of head

38
Q

Which of the following ligaments is primarily associated with the joints between vertebral bodies?

A - Ligamentum flavum
B - Interspinous
C - Anterior longitudinal
D - Supraspinous

A

C

-Anterior and posterior longitudinal run full length of vertebral column

39
Q

Describe the differences between anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments

A

Anterior is thicker to prevent hyperextension

Posterior thinner and weaker to prevent hyperflexion

40
Q

Which joint extends from lamina to adjacent vertebrae

A

Ligamentum flavum

41
Q

which joint attaches tip of spinous processes to adjacent vertebrae

A

superspinous

42
Q

which joint attaches adjacent spinous processes

A

interspinous

42
Q

which joint attaches between transverse processes

A

Intertransverse

ANATOMY (29 decks)

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