Topic 12: Respiration Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is respiration?
A chemical reaction that releases energy from nutrient molecules in cells.
What is energy used for in living organisms?
Muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division, growth, nerve impulses, and keeping body temperature constant.
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration that uses oxygen to release energy from glucose.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water
What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration without oxygen.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?
Glucose → Lactic acid
Does anaerobic respiration release more or less energy than aerobic?
Less energy
What builds up in muscles during anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid
What is oxygen debt?
The extra oxygen needed to remove lactic acid after exercise.
How is oxygen debt removed?
- Fast heart rate to move lactic acid to liver
- Faster breathing to bring in oxygen
- Lactic acid is broken down in the liver using oxygen
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water
What are the products of anaerobic respiration in animals?
Lactic acid
What are the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Which respiration gives more energy?
Aerobic respiration
Why does anaerobic respiration give less energy?
Because glucose is not completely broken down
What is the respiration equation in yeast?
Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide
What happens to methylene blue in yeast respiration experiments?
It changes from blue to colourless as respiration happens
What does faster decolourisation of methylene blue show?
A higher rate of respiration
What must you never say about energy in respiration?
Never say energy is “made” — always say it is “released”
