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Biology > Topic 2: Cells > Flashcards

Topic 2: Cells Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What are all living things made of?

A

Cells

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2
Q

How are new cells produced?

A

By the division of existing cells

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3
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

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4
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

The site where chemical/metabolic reactions take place

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5
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Contains DNA and controls cell activity

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6
Q

What do mitochondria do?

A

They are the site of aerobic respiration

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7
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Protein synthesis

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8
Q

What is the endoplasmic reticulum studded with?

A

Ribosomes

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9
Q

What does rough endoplasmic reticulum look like under a microscope?

A

Rough

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10
Q

What organelles are in a typical animal cell?

A

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

What extra parts are in a plant cell?

A

Vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts

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12
Q

What is the function of a vacuole?

A

Contains cell sap and keeps the cell turgid

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13
Q

What does the cell wall do?

A

Provides strength and helps maintain shape

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14
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Contain chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis

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15
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A unicellular organism without mitochondria and a true nucleus

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16
Q

What is an example of a prokaryote?

A

Bacteria

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17
Q

What is the bacterial cell wall made of?

A

Peptidoglycan

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18
Q

What is found in a bacterial cell?

A

Cell wall, membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, plasmids, circular DNA

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19
Q

What are plasmids?

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A

Small circular rings of DNA with extra genes

20
Q

What is the structure of bacterial DNA?

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A

Circular chromosome of DNA (not in a nucleus)

21
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

22
Q

What is a tissue?

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A

Group of similar cells working together to perform a shared function

23
Q

What is an organ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Group of tissues working together to perform a function

24
Q

What is an organ system?

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A

Group of organs working together to perform body functions

25
What is an organism?
A complete living thing made of systems
26
What are specialised cells?
Cells adapted for specific functions
27
What is the function of ciliated cells?
Move mucus in the trachea and bronchi
28
Where are ciliated cells found?
Respiratory tract, Fallopian tubes, testes
29
What is the function of root hair cells?
Absorb water and minerals
30
Where are root hair cells found?
Roots
31
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells?
Photosynthesis
32
Where are palisade mesophyll cells found?
Leaf
33
What is the function of neurones?
Transmit electrical impulses
34
Where are neurones found?
Throughout the organism
35
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen
36
Where are red blood cells found?
Throughout the organism
37
What is the function of sperm and egg cells?
Reproduction
38
Where are gametes found?
In the gonads
39
What is the formula for magnification?
Magnification = Image size ÷ Actual size
40
How do you find actual size?
Actual size = Image size ÷ Magnification
41
How do you find image size?
Image size = Magnification × Actual size
42
Does magnification have units?
No, just written like "x100" or "x5000"
43
How many mm in 1 cm?
10 mm
44
How many µm in 1 mm?
1000 µm
45
How many mm in 1 µm?
0.001 mm
46
What is the correct unit conversion from mm to µm?
Multiply by 1000
47
What is the correct unit conversion from µm to mm?
Divide by 1000

Biology (34 decks)

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