Transport, Storage and Gas Exchange in Flowering Plants

Question 1

Irish Scientists who described the upward movement of water in plants

Answer 1

Henry Dixon, John Joly.

Question 2

Upward movement of water in plants

Answer 2

Root pressure pushes water/in xylem/cohesion or water molecules stick together/ continuous column/ due to H bonding/adhesion or water molecules stick to xylem walls/ transpiration or evaporation/tension or pull.

Question 3

How minerals are transported from root to leaf

Answer 3

Dissolved water/ through xylem.

Question 4

Water moves through..

Answer 4

Osmosis.

Question 5

Methods plants use to control transpiration

Answer 5

Waxy cuticle/ action of stomata/ location of stomata/

Question 6

Relationship between the rate of transpiration and and rate of water uptake during the day.

Answer 6

As water uptake increases so does transpiration/ both increase at the same time.
Reason: High transpiration allows more water to be taken in

Question 7

Conditions for the highest transpiration rate

Answer 7

Hottest/brighest.

Question 8

Cells controlling stomata

Answer 8

Guard cells.

Question 9

Disadvantage of high transpiration rate

Answer 9

Wilting. In response plant closes stomata

Question 10

Root hairs for absorbing water

Answer 10

Large numbers/ large surface area/ no cuticle.

Question 11

Water uptake by roots

Answer 11

Water enters root hairs by osmosis/ water passes cell to cell across ground tissue until in enters xylem/ xylem forms a hollow pipeline that runs roots/stem/leaves. Water passes through xylem to the leaf.

Question 12

Transpiration

Answer 12

Loss of water vapour from a plant. Occurs through openings in the stem called lenticels.

Question 13

Root pressure

Answer 13

Caused by build up of water in root cells due to osmosis. Forces water up through xylem.

Question 14

Cohesion

Answer 14

Force of attraction between similar molecules. Water has high cohesion

Question 15

Adhesion

Answer 15

Force of attraction between different molecules. is lower between water-xylem than cohesive water molecules.

Question 16

Mineral transport

Answer 16

Absorbed by roots as ions. By diffusion and active transport then dissolved in water in xylem.

Question 17

CO2 transport

Answer 17

Enters by diffusion in stomata. Leaf can use CO2 released by mito in respiration.

Question 18

Control of stomatal opening

Answer 18

Low CO2 concentration= stomata opens
High CO2 concentration = stomata closes
By osmosis.

Question 19

Translocation

Answer 19

Transport of food in phloem.

Question 20

Modified roots

Answer 20

Carrots, turnips.

Question 21

Modified stems

Answer 21

Stem tuber, potato.

Question 22

Modified leaves

Answer 22

Onion, cabbage, lettuce.