Unit 2- Salmonella

Question 1

Enterobacteriaceae

Answer 1

Gram negative, rod shaped, catalase positive, oxidase negative, facultative anaerobe, non fastidious, non spore forming, grow on bile, most motile

Question 2

Ceek Group

Answer 2

Lactose fermenters; Citrobacter, E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

Question 3

SPY-Sh Group

Answer 3

Lactose non fermenters, highly pathogenic; Salmonella, Proteus, Yersinia, Shigella

Question 4

Enterobacteriaceae Diagnostics

Answer 4

Lactose test for CEEK vs SPY-Sh, gas production, motility, IMVic test

Question 5

Enterobacter Tests

Answer 5

Lactose fermenter, fast growth, CO2 producer, urease negative

Question 6

Klebsiella Tests

Answer 6

Lactose fermenter, fast growth, CO2 producer, urease positive

Question 7

Citrobacter Tests

Answer 7

Lactose fermenter, slow growth, H2S producer, urease positive

Question 8

Proteus Tests

Answer 8

Non lactose fermenter, H2S producer on TSI, urease positive

Question 9

Salmonella Tests

Answer 9

Non lactose fermenter, H2S producer on TSI, urease negative

Question 10

Yersinia Tests

Answer 10

Non lactose fermenter, no gas production, urease positive

Question 11

Urease Negative Enterobacteria

Answer 11

Salmonella and enterobacter

Question 12

H2S Gas on TSI Enterobacteria

Answer 12

Salmonella, proteus, citrobacter

Question 13

Enterobacteria Habitat

Answer 13

Small and large intestine

Question 14

Enterobacteria Transmission

Answer 14

Oral-fecal transmission, commensal of digestive but can cause disease

Question 15

Enterobacteriaceae Disease

Answer 15

GI infection, diarrhea, liver abscess, UTI, bacteremia, meningitis, mastitis

Question 16

Enterobacteriaceae Surface Structures

Answer 16

Capsule, flagella, fimbriae, adhesins, invesins, LPS

Question 17

Enterobacteriaceae Enzymes

Answer 17

Catalase and superoxide dismutase

Question 18

Enterobacteriaceae Toxins

Answer 18

Hemolysin, siderophores, pathogenicity island, type 3 secretion system

Question 19

Pathogenicity Island

Answer 19

Area of genome encoding toxins, enzymes, and type 3 secretion system

Question 20

Type 3 Secretion System

Answer 20

Syringe apparatus on the cell wall to inject enzymes, toxins, and cytokine inhibitors

Question 21

Enterobacteriaceae Antigenicity

Answer 21

Wide diversity due to LPS, flagella, and capsular antigen

Question 22

Enterobacteriaceae Culture

Answer 22

Blood agar, Mac Conkey agar, eosin methylene blue, TSI

Question 23

AMR Genera

Answer 23

Cabapenem resistance from Klebsiella, Enterobacter and E. coli

Question 24

Salmonella Gas Production

Answer 24

H2S, rotten egg smell and black colonies

Question 25

Salmonella Culture

Answer 25

MacConkey, eosin methylene blue, brilliant green, samonella and shigella agar

Question 26

Selective Salmonella Media

Answer 26

Brilliant green or salmonella and shigella agar, perform TSI test, serotype

Question 27

Salmonella Habitat

Answer 27

Normal digestive flora, S. typhimurium on reptile and amphibian skin

Question 28

Transmission

Answer 28

Oral fecal, transovarian in poultry

Question 29

Salmonella Serotypes

Answer 29

2500 based on combinations of LPS and flagella antigen

Question 30

Salmonella Species

Answer 30

S. enterica and S. bongori

Question 31

Salmonella enterica Subspecies

Answer 31

enterica I, salmae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtanae IV, indica VI

Question 32

Salmonella Serotype Grouping

Answer 32

Host specific, host adapted, broad host range

Question 33

Salmonella zoonosis

Answer 33

All S enterica are zoonotic besides S. pullorum and gallinarium

Question 34

Major Human Salmonella Serotypes

Answer 34

S typhurium, newport, and enteridis

Question 35

Salmonella in Poultry

Answer 35

S pullorum, gallinarium, and enterica var enteridis among 7 priority diseases for poultry improvement plan

Question 36

Salmonella in Songbirds

Answer 36

Birds carry zoonotic salmonella

Question 37

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island

Answer 37

SPI 1 and 2 present on virulence plasmid or salmonella genome, encoding type 3 secretion systems

Question 38

Salmonella Body Structures

Answer 38

Fimbriae, flagella (besides chicken species), capsule, LPS lipid A causing ischemic necrosis

Question 39

Salmonella Enzymes

Answer 39

Catalase, superoxide dismutase, siderophores

Question 40

Salmonella Toxins

Answer 40

Type 3 secretion systems, adhesins, invasins, hemagglutinins, exotoxins, siderophores

Question 41

Salmonella Infection

Answer 41

Attaches to cell, T3SS-1 injects for intracellular invasion, T3SS-2 injects for intracellular multiplication, lyses cell to escape

Question 42

Genes for Intracellular Invasion

Answer 42

T3SS, effector proteins for invasion and penetration, encoded on plasmid or genome of SPI

Question 43

Salmonella Systemic Invasion

Answer 43

Incubation period in lymphoid tissue, enters blood stream after stress, can result in severe complications

Question 44

Silent Salmonellitis

Answer 44

Infected animals harbor in a chronic carrier state, stress causes flare ups

Question 45

Typhoid Salmonellitis

Answer 45

Pneumonia, myocarditis, meningioencephalitis, septicemia, dry gangrene, mastitis, abortion, arthritis

Question 46

Enteric Salmonellitis

Answer 46

GI upset, fever, weakness, shock, discharge, abortion, colic, diarrhea

Question 47

Young Chicken Salmonellitis

Answer 47

S. pullorum causes viscous white diarrhea

Question 48

Old Chicken Salmonellitis

Answer 48

S. gallinarum causes watery yellow diarrhea

Question 49

Salmonella Diagnosis

Answer 49

Gram - rod, oxidase -, lactose - on macconkey, H2S on TSI, motile, urease -, selective brilliant green agar and salmonella and shigella agar

Question 50

Salmonella Serotyping

Answer 50

Done by LPS (O) and flagella (H) antigens

Question 51

Salmonella Treatment

Answer 51

Low cure rate with antimicrobials, electrolyte and fluid therapy

Question 52

Salmonella Control

Answer 52

Hygiene, water disinfection, iodine

Question 53

Salmonella Vaccine

Answer 53

Poultry specific serovars and S enteritidis

Question 54

Shoat Abortion

Answer 54

S. abortusovis