Unit 3- Bacterioidetes

Question 1

Bacteroides

Answer 1

Gram neg rods, pleomorphic, bile resistant, aerotolerant anaerobes, normal flora, produce capsule and SCFA

Question 2

Anaerobic infection

Answer 2

Generally polymicrobial in nature

Question 3

Facultative Anaerobes

Answer 3

Scavenge molecular oxygen to reduce redox potential

Question 4

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 4

Produce abscess and metabolites that protect against antimicrobials and phagocytosis

Question 5

Anaerobic Virulence Factors

Answer 5

Fimbriae, capsule, LPS, toxins, exoenzymes

Question 6

Abscess Formation

Answer 6

Protects from phagocytosis and antibiotics, a collection of pus with buildup of fluid, WBS, dead tissue, and bacteria

Question 7

Anaerobic Diagnosis

Answer 7

Samples transported in anaerobic transport medium, enriched media requires, anaerobic culture

Question 8

Anaerobic Treatment

Answer 8

Surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy

Question 9

Aerotolerant Anaerobes

Answer 9

Some produce superoxide dismutase to protect against oxidation

Question 10

Bacteroides Virulence Factors

Answer 10

Fimbriae, capsule, LPS, zinc metalloprotease, protease, hemolysin, SCFA

Question 11

Short Chain Fatty Acids

Answer 11

SCFA, inhibits phagocytosis, gives bad smell, beneficial effect on gut health

Question 12

Bacteroides Cultrue

Answer 12

TSA with sheep blood or Bacteroides bile esculin agar, small while colonies, resistant to beta lactams

Question 13

Cat Bite Bacteroides Infection

Answer 13

Inflammation, abscess, bacteremia, neutrophilic leukocytosis

Question 14

Bacteroides Fragilis

Answer 14

Most clinically important Bacteroides in human

Question 15

Bacteroides pyogenes

Answer 15

Soft tissue infection after cat bite

Question 16

Prevotella

Answer 16

Gram neg coccobacilli, obligate anaerobes, normal flora, some AMR

Question 17

Prevotella Virulence Factors

Answer 17

Capsule most important, protease, T9SS specific to Bacteroidetes

Question 18

Prevotella melaninogenica

Answer 18

Interdigital necrobacillosis in cattle

Question 19

Prevotella heparinolytica

Answer 19

Lesions in buccal cavity of horses and cats

Question 20

Succinate

Answer 20

Produced by Prevotella, inhibits phagocytsosi, pro inflammatory mediator, improves glucose homeostasis

Question 21

Prevotella orallis

Answer 21

Cause of meningitis in dog

Question 22

Porphyromonas

Answer 22

Gram neg rod or coccobacillus, non motile, obligate anaerobe, proteolytic, normal oral flora

Question 23

Periodontitis Etiology

Answer 23

Porphyromonas

Question 24

Porphyromonas Colony Appearance

Answer 24

Small and black on blood agar due to porphyrin pigment

Question 25

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Answer 25

Human pathogen

Question 26

Porphyromonas gulae

Answer 26

Animal pathogen

Question 27

Porphyromonas Virulence Factors

Answer 27

Capsule, LPS, fimbriae, gingipain proteases

Question 28

Gingipains

Answer 28

Used for nutrient acquisition, adhesion and tissue invasion, destruction of host tissue, dysregulation of host immune