Unit 2 Topic 2.8 - Intelligence

Question 1

General Ability (g)

Answer 1

The idea that intelligence is a single, general ability that influences performance across various cognitive tasks. Some researchers may argue that intelligence consists of multiple abilities rather than one overreaching factor

Question 2

IQ test (Intelligence Quotient)

Answer 2

Is a standard measure of intelligences based on psychological tests

IQ is calculated by dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100

Question 3

Psychometric Principles

Answer 3

The scientific guidelines that ensure psychological tests are STANDARDIZED, VALID AND RELIABLE so that they produce meaningful and accurate results

Question 4

A Standardized Test

Answer 4

A test that follows consistent set of procedure for administration and scoring, ensuring that all test takers have the same experience and that scores can be compared fairly

Question 5

Testing Validity

Answer 5

The extent to which a test measure what it is supposed to measure

Construct Validity - does it measure intelligence?

Predictive Validity - does it predict future success?

Question 6

Testing Reliability

Answer 6

The degree to which a test yields consistent results over time

Test Retest Reliability- similar results on different occasions

Split Half Reliability- consistent results between different sections of the same test

Question 7

Stereotype Threat

Answer 7

When people worry that they will confirm a NEGATIVE stereotype about their group, that anxiety can worsen their performance

Ex:when women are told that men usually better at math, they make feel nervous and may perform worse than they normally would

Question 8

Stereotype Lift

Answer 8

When people perform BETTER because they believe POSITIVE stereotypes about their group
Ex: if people assume men are naturally better at math, some men may perform even better

Question 9

Flynn Effect

Answer 9

IQ scores increasing over generations

Question 10

IQ score variance

Answer 10

More variation within a group than between groups

Question 11

Bias, Poverty, Discrimination, Educational Inequities

Answer 11

Factors affecting IQ scores

Question 12

IQ tests and Access

Answer 12

Used to limit or grant opportunities in jobs, military, education and immigration

Question 13

Achievement Tests Vs. Aptitude Tests

Answer 13

Measuring knowledge vs. Predicting Potential

Question 14

Fixed Vs. Growth Mindset

Answer 14

Beliefs about intelligence shaping sucesss