Unit 2 Topic 2.3 Memory

Question 1

Explicit Memories (DECLARATIVE)

Answer 1

Type of LONG TERM memory that involves the CONSCIOUS recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences from your personal past.
Ex: tell me about the best birthday you’ve ever had

Question 2

Episodic

Answer 2

unique personal experience
Ex: the first time you rode a bike

Question 3

Semantic

Answer 3

Stuff we know, facts or concepts

Question 4

Prospective Memory

Answer 4

Remembering to remember
Ex: don’t forget to buy tissues

Question 5

Implicit Memory (NON-DECLARATIVE)

Answer 5

type of LONG TERM memory that operates UNCONSCIOUSLY and influences your thoughts and behaviors without you actively thinking about it.
Ex: knowing how to ride a bike or type on a keyboard consciously without thinking about the steps

Question 6

Procedural

Answer 6

Knowing how to do something

Question 7

Working Memory Model (BADDELEY AND HITCH)

Answer 7

explains how we temporarily hold and manipulate information in our minds when performing tasks like reasoning, learning, and comprehension. SHORT TERM MEMORY

(Central Executive, Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketchpad)

Question 8

Central Executive

Answer 8

The boss of the system, controls attention and coordinates information from the other components, has LIMITED capacity

Question 9

Phonological loop

Answer 9

Deals with VERBAL and AUDITORY information

Question 10

Visuospatial Sketchpad

Answer 10

Handles VISUAL and SPATIAL information like images, maps, or where things are

Question 11

Sensory Memory

Answer 11

ICONIC - “eye” conic brief memory for VISUAL inputs, decays quickly

ECHOIC - “echo”/sound , brief memory for AUDITORY inputs, decays quickly but not as quickly as iconic memory

Question 12

Short Term Memory

Answer 12

“Working memory”, can maintain limited info, for cognitive tasks. We can remember 5-9 things for about 15-30 seconds. Mainly AUDITORY
Ex: remembering a phone number long enough to dial it

Question 13

Long Term Memory

Answer 13

Storage system for information held over long periods of time. Repetition encodes short-term memories to long term. We can remember minutes to a lifetime. Mainly SEMANTIC (meaning based) but can also be visual or auditory.
Ex: remembering your first day of school

Question 14

Structural Processing (SHALLOW)

Answer 14

Encoding based on what something LOOKS like, leads to POOR long term memory retention
Ex: noticing that the word “TABLE” is in all caps

Question 15

Phonemic Processing (PHONOLOGICAL and INTERMEDIATE)

Answer 15

Encoding based on how something SOUNDS
Ex: recognizing that “cat” rhymes with “hat”

Question 16

Semantic Processing (DEEP)

Answer 16

Encoding based on the MEANING of the information, understanding the concept or connecting it to other knowledge, results in STRONGEST and LONGEST lasting memories
Ex: remembering that “freedom” represents a poltical or personal idea