Unit 3- Oncology and the Central Nervous System Flashcards
(175 cards)
1
Q
Pathology
A
Study of disease
2
Q
Cytology
A
Study of cells
3
Q
Histology
A
Study of tissues
4
Q
Oncology
A
Study of abnormal growths, tumors, and cancer
5
Q
Morphology
A
Study of structure of cells
study of form or development
6
Q
histolysis
A
destruction of tissue
7
Q
histogenous
A
made of tissue
8
Q
histoblast
A
embryonic/immature tissue
9
Q
histocyte
A
tissue cell
10
Q
histoid
A
resembling tissue
11
Q
morph/o
A
form, shape, or structure
12
Q
meta
A
change
13
Q
-trophy
A
development and growth
14
Q
-plasia
A
development and growth
15
Q
-genesis
A
development and growth
16
Q
hyper-
A
above or more than normal
17
Q
hypercholesterolemia
A
high amounts of cholesterol in blood
18
Q
hypertoxicity
A
excessively toxic
19
Q
hyperkalemia
A
high amounts of potassium in blood
20
Q
hyperactivity
A
excessively active
21
Q
hyperlipidemia
A
excess fats in the blood
22
Q
hyperproteinuria
A
excess protein in urine
23
Q
hypo-
A
below or less than normal
24
Q
hypocalcemia
A
low calcium in blood
25
hypertrophy
overdevelopment, increase in size
26
hyperplasia
the enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the reproduction rate of its cells, often as an initial stage in the development of cancer.
27
hypergenesis
excessive development
28
hypodactylia
fewer than normal fingers or toes
29
hyposensitive
deficient response to stimulation
30
hypothermia
low body temperature
31
hypokalemia
low potassium in blood
32
hypothyroidism
deficient activity of thyroid gland
33
hypodermic
below the skin
34
hypotrophy (atrophy)
progressive degeneration
| underdevelopment, decrease in size
35
hyperemesis
excessive vomiting
gravidarum=complication of pregnancy
gallbladder attacks also cause
36
cardiomegaly
hypertrophy of the heart
37
hypertension
high blood pressure
38
hypotension
low blood pressure
| 90/50
39
Diuretic
causes excretion of excess water
| may be prescribed to lower BP
40
aden/o
glands
41
adenitis
inflammation of a gland
42
adenectomy
excision/removal of a gland
43
neoplasm
abnormal growth of cells
| new growth
44
-oma
tumor
45
adenoma
tumor of a gland or glandular tissue
46
-pathy
disease
47
adenopathy
disease of a gland or glandular tissue
48
lymph/o
refers to lymphatic tissue
49
lymphadenopathy
disease of the lymph glands
50
lipoma
tumor containing fat
51
lip/o
fat
52
lymphoma
tumor composed of lymph tissue
53
lesion
wound, injury, or pathologic tissue
54
ulcers
more specific type of lesion
open sores on skin or mucous membrane
crater-like sore
55
tumor
abnormal growth in numbers and/or types of cells and may be cancerous
56
carcin/o
from Greek word for crab
| cancer
57
carcinoma
cancerous tumor of epithelial tissue
may occur in almost any part of body
composed of abnormal epithelial tissue
58
metastasis
transfer of disease from one organ to another not connected to it
tumor that spreads beyond its origin
pl. metastases
59
meta-
beyond
60
-stasis
in one place (staying)
61
in situ
in place, confined
62
adenocarcinoma
cancer of glandular tissue
63
sarcoma
cancer of connective tissue
64
osteosarcoma
cancer of bone tissue
65
melan/o
black
66
melanosis
black pigmentation
67
melanoma
black tumor
| tumor invading growth of melanocytes
68
seborrheic karatosis
noncancerous skin growth
69
papill/o
small elevation of tissue
70
fibr/o
fibrous tissue
71
chondr/o
cartilage
72
leiomy/o
smooth muscle
73
ather/o
fatty, porridgelike
74
hemangi/o
blood vessel
75
neur/o
nerve
76
myel/o
bone marrow
77
melanocyte
black pigmented cell
78
melanoderma
black or dark skin coloring
79
melanocarcinoma
darkly pigmented cancer
| malignant melanoma
80
onc/o
mass, tumor
81
oncology
study of tumors
82
oncologist
specialist who studies tumors
83
-oid
like or resembling
84
lipoid
```
fatlike
resembling fat (cholesterol is ex.)
```
85
atheroma
fatty (porridgelike tissue tumor found in blood vessels)
| pl. atheromata
86
atherosclerosis
hardening of vessel walls due to fatty deposits
87
atheromata
found in large blood vessels
88
lipomata
found in body fat
89
arteri/o
arteries
90
arthr/o
joint
91
neo-
new
92
neogenesis
generation of new tissue
93
neonatal
pertaining to the newborn
94
anti-
against
95
-plast/ic
abnormal growth
96
antineoplastic
therapeutic agent that works against cancerous neoplasms
97
antitumorigenic
inhibits development of tumors
98
radiotheraphy
use of radiation for cancer treatment
99
chemotherapy
if antineoplastic chemical or drug agents are used for cancer treatment
100
Medical technologists (MTs), Medical laboratory technicians (MLTs) and Certified laboratory assistants (CLAs)
Physically and chemically analyze and culture urine, blood, and other body fluids and tissues to determine the presence of all types of diseases
American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP) oversees credentialing and education
101
3 treatments for cancer
surgery
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
102
mucoid
resembling mucus
103
muc/o
mucus
104
Radiation therapists (RT[T])
Specialize in administration of radiation therapy for purpose of treating cancer
Begin as registered radiographic technologists (RT[R})
Work in radiation oncology
105
mucosa
mucous membrane found lining the open body cavities
106
serous membrane/serosa
lines closed body cavities and covers outsides of organs
107
cephal/o
head
108
-algia
pain
109
cephalalgia (cephalgia)
pain in the head
110
-dynia, -dynic
pain
111
-algia vs -dynia
- algia= preceded by word root
| - dynia= preceded by combining word
112
cephalodynic
pertaining to head pain, headache
113
cephalalgia, cephalodynia
head pain
114
cephalic
pertaining to or toward the head
115
encephal/o
pertaining to the brain
116
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
117
encephaloma
brain tumor
118
-cele
herniation
| from Greek word kele meaning abnormal protrusion, swelling or herniation
119
encephalocele
herniation of the brain
| brain tissue protrudes through cranial fissure
120
malacia
softening of a tissue
121
encephalomalacia
softening of brain tissue
122
encephalotomy
incision into the brain
123
malactomy
incision of soft areas
124
electroencephalogram (EEG)
picture of the electrical activity of the brain
125
electroencephalography
process of recording electrical brain activity
126
electroencephalograph
instrument used to record EEG
| turns brain waves into electrical patterns showing a picture of changes in activity
127
electroneurodiagnostic (END) technologist
Perform EEG, evoked potentials (EP), polysomnography (PSG), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and electronystagmography (ENG).
May be graduates of a Committee on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP)
128
crani/o
skull
129
-plasty
surgical repair
130
cranioplasty
surgical repair of skull
131
craniomalacia
softening of the bones of the skull
132
craniectomy
excision of part of the cranium
133
craniotomy
incision into the skull
134
craniometer
instrument used to measure the cranium
135
craniocerebral
refers to the skull and the cerebrum
136
cerebr/o
pertaining to the cerebrum
137
cerebrum
largest part of brain where thought occurs
thinking, feeling, and movement controlled by gray matter in cerebrum
Includes frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes
138
cerebritis
inflammation of the cerebrum
139
cerebroma
cerebral tumor
140
cerebrotomy
incision into cerebrum to drain abscess
141
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Stroke
142
disease
abnormal function
143
hypertensive cardiovascular disease (HCVD)
high blood pressure in vessels of the heart
144
cerebrospinal
refers to cerebrum and spinal cord
145
mening/o
meninges
| 3 layer membrane that covers brain and spinal cord
146
3 meninges
pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater
147
meningocele
herniation of the meninges
148
meningomalacia
softening of the meninges
149
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
150
meninges singular
meninx
151
biopsy
excision of live tissue for examination
152
cerebral
pertaining to the cerebrum
153
cerebrovascular
pertaining to the cerebrum and blood vessels
154
cytotechnologist
specialized technician that tests cells
155
cytologist
specialist in study of cells
156
encephalomeningitis
inflammation of the brain and meninges
157
encephalomyelopathy
disease condition of the brain and spinal cord
158
electroneurodiagnostic
electrical diagnostic testing (imaging) of nervous system function
159
glandular
pertaining to a gland
160
herniation
abnormal protrusion of an organ or other body structure through a defect or natural opening
161
malacotomy
incision into soft tissue
162
malignant
bad, worsening, or leading to death
163
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
164
metastasize
to spread beyond its origin
165
metastatic
pertaining to a metastasis or metastases
166
mucus
watery substance secreted by mucous membranes
167
neurodiagnostic
pertaining to the diagnostic studies performed to examine the nervous system by detecting electrical changes
168
vascular
pertaining to vessels
169
abscess
an area of tissue infection
170
abcites
effusion of fluid into the abdominal cavity
171
abrasion
an area of the skin or mucous membrane which has rubbed away by friction
172
adipose
fat
173
extravasation
the escape of body fluid or injected material from its normal channel
174
edema
the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in body tissues
175
lesion
an abnormal change in structure of an organ or part due to injury or disease
