Unit 5- Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Prefixes dys-, brady-, tachy-, poly-, syn- Flashcards
(169 cards)
1
Q
Pathology
A
Specialty that studies diseases, especially infectious diseases
2
Q
cocc/i
A
spherically shaped family of bacteria means berry, grain, or seed singular=coccus plural=cocci 3 main types of cocci: displo, strepto, and staphylo pneumococcus=pneumonia meningococcus=meningitis
3
Q
diplococcus
A
cocci growing in pairs
gonorrhea
4
Q
streptococcus
A
cocci growing in twisted chains
5
Q
staphylococcus
A
cocci growing in clusters
most bacteria that form pus
commonly responsible for acne infections
6
Q
strept/o
A
twisted chains or strips
7
Q
staphyl/o
A
growing in bunches/clusters like grapes
also, the uvula
8
Q
MRSA
A
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas
Bacterium that causes difficult to treat infection
Most common in elderly and those with poor immune systems
9
Q
genus and species names
A
Used to identify bacteria and parasites
Italicized, genus capitalized
Abbreviate with genus initial and species name, but not in italics
10
Q
bacillus
A
rod-shaped bacterium
pl. bacilli
pneumobacillus
11
Q
diplobacillus
A
rod-shaped double bacillus
12
Q
streptobacillus
A
rod-shaped bacillus growing in twisted chains
13
Q
bacteria singular
A
bacterium
14
Q
bacillus plural
A
bacilli
15
Q
hemorrhagic colitis
A
Caused by ingesting E. coli
Severe abdominal pain and cramping, diarrhea, watery/bloody stool, low-grade or absent fever, occasional vomiting
Lasts avg of 8 days
Infants, children, elderly, and immunocompromised may develop severe life-threatening conditions like kidney failure due to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
16
Q
staphyloplasty
A
surgical repair of the uvula
17
Q
staphylitis (uvulitis)
A
inflammation of the uvula
18
Q
staphylectomy (uvulectomy)
A
excision of the uvula
19
Q
uvul/o
A
uvula
20
Q
py/o
A
pus
21
Q
pyocele
A
hernia containing pus
22
Q
-genic, -genesis
A
producing of forming
23
Q
pyogenic
A
pus producing
24
Q
oncogenic
A
tumor producing
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pathogenic
produce disease
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pyothorax
accumulation of pus in thoracic cavity
| caused by pneumonia and lung abcesses
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purulent
contains pus
28
-rrhea
flow or discharge
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diarrhea
to flow through
30
pyorrhea
flow or discharge of pus
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ot/o
ear
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otorrhea
discharge from the ear(s)
33
otoscope
instrument used to examine the ear
34
otic
pertaining to the ear
35
otoscopy
process of examining the ear using an otoscope
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otitis
inflammation of the ear
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auris sinistra
left ear
38
auris dextra
right ear
39
auris uterque
both ears
40
otalgia/ otodynia
ear pain, ear ache
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membrana tympani dextra (MTD)
right eardrum
42
membrana tympani sinistra (MTS)
left eardrum
43
rhinorrhea
runny nose, discharge from the nose
44
tympan/o
tympanum, eardrum, drum
45
tympanic
pertaining to the eardrum
46
tympanotomy, myringotomy
incision into the eardrum
| ex: inserting tubes into the eardrum
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tympanectomy
excision of the eardrum
48
metr
measure
49
-metry
process of measuring
50
tympanometry
process of measuring the function of the eardrum
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tympanites
distended with gas, as tight as a drum
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a-, an-
not, lack of
a- before consonant
an- before vowel
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brady-
abnormally slow
54
dys-
difficult, abnormal, poor, painful
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tachy-
abnormally fast
56
audi/o
hearing
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audiology
study of hearing
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audiometer
process of measuring hearing
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audiometry
process of measuring hearing
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audiogram
record made by the instrument used to test hearing
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audiologist
hearing specialist
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phon/o
voice, vocal sounds
63
aphonia
unable to make sounds
64
dysphonia
weak voice
65
bradyphasia
slow speech
66
phas
speech
67
aphasia
absence of speech
68
phonic
pertaining to the voice
69
phonometer
instrument used for measuring intensity of vocal sounds
70
phonology
study of voice/vocal sounds
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audiology
study of hearing
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phasology
study of speech
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rhin/o
nose
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rhinitis
inflammation of the nose
75
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose
76
rhinotomy
incision of the nose
77
lith/o
calculus or stone
78
rhinolith
calculus or stone in the nose
79
lithogenesis
producing or forming calculi or stones
80
calculus
"pebble used for counting"
| stone formed in the body
81
lithiasis
infestation of the body with stones
82
lithology
science of dealing with or studying calculi/stones
83
lithotomy
incision for the removal of a stone
84
lithometer
instrument for measuring the size of calculi
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cholelith
gallstone
86
chol/e
gall or bile
87
-iasis
suffix used to indicate a pathologic condition
| infestation
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cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
89
trichomonas vaginalis
protozoan parasite with a flagella
| may cause trichomoniasis, infect urinary and repro tract and considered an STD
90
cholecyst
gallbladder
91
cholecystogram
x-ray of the gallbladder
92
cholecystography
process of taking gallbladder x-ray
93
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
accompanied by pain and hyperemesis
fatty foods aggravate symptoms
94
cholecystotomy
incision into the gallbladder to remove a gallstone
95
cholecystectomy
excision of the gallbladder
96
bradycardia
slow heart action
97
bradyphasia
slowness in eating or swallowing
98
phag/o
eat
99
tachycardia
rapid heart action
100
tachogram
record of the velocity of blood flow
101
pne/o
respiration or breathing
102
-pnea
breathing
103
bradypnea
slow breathing
104
tachypnea
rapid breathing
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apnea
without breathing, cessation of breathing
106
agenesis
without generation, failure to develop or lack of development
107
carcinogenesis
development of cancer
108
carcinogenic
pertaining to the development of cancer
109
men/o
menstruation
110
dysmenorrhea
painful or difficult menstruation
111
amenorrhea
absence of menstruation
112
dystrophy
poor development
113
dyspnea
difficult breathing
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peps/o, pep/tic
digestion
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dyspepsia
poor digestion
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apepsia
cessation of digestion
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bradypepsia
slow digestion
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arrhythmia, dysrrhythmia
loss of correct rhythm
| tachy and bradycardia are types of arrhythmias
119
lexis
word or phrase
120
dyslexia
condition of difficulty recognizing words and transposing letters or numbers
121
dysphonia
condition characterized by difficulty vocalizing
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dysphasia
condition characterized by difficulty speaking
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therm/o
heat
124
thermometer
instrument used to measure heat
125
thermal, thermic
pertaining to heat
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thermoesthesia, thermoalgesia
oversensitivity to heat
127
thermogenesis
formation of body heat
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thermophobia
abnormal fear of heat
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thermoplegia
heatstroke (paralysis)
130
diathermy
heating through tissue (treatment)
131
hyperthermia
high body temperature (fever)
132
hypothermia
low body temperature
133
microcephalus
abnormally small head
134
microcyst
very small cyst
135
microcyte
very small cell
136
microcardia
condition of having a small heart
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microgram
one thousandth of a milligram
138
microsurgery
surgery performed on minute structures using a microscope and small instruments
139
macrocytes
very large cells
140
macrocephalus
abnormally large head
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macroblast
large embryonic (germ) cell
142
macrococcus
very large coccus (bacterium)
143
macroglossia
abnormally large tongue
144
macrotia
large ears
145
macrorhinia
large nose
146
macrocheilia
large lips
147
dactyl/o
fingers or toes
148
dactylomegaly, macrodactylia
large fingers or toes
149
dactylitis
inflammation of a digit
150
dactylospasm
cramp/ spasm of a digit
151
dactylogram
fingerprint
152
polydactylism
too many fingers or toes
153
syn-
with, together
154
syndactylism
a joining together of two or more digits
155
synergism
occurs when two or more drugs or organs working together produce an increased effect
156
synergetic
working together, usually referring to muscles
157
synarthrosis
immovable joint
| ex: sacrum, pelvis, skull
158
drom/o
run
159
dromomania
insane impulse to wander or roam
160
syndrome
variety of symptoms occurring (running along) together
| complete picture of a disease
161
Korsakoff's syndrome
syndrome due to alcoholism
| characterized by nerve inflammation, insomnia, hallucinations, disorientation, and nerve pain
162
Reye's syndrome
behavior changes and hyperemesis following a viral infection and fever may indicate this
163
prodrome
running before a disease
| symptom indicating an approaching disease
164
dips
thirst
165
polydipsia
excessive thirst
| causes: excess salt, upset pituitary secretion, high blood sugar and lack of insulin
166
dipsomania
alcoholism (old term)
| abnormal compulsion to drink
167
cholangiogram
x-ray of the bile ducts
168
moniliasis
yeast infection
169
paraphasia
abnormal speech
