Unit 6 for BUnit 6 Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, Abbreviations 2024 Flashcards
1
Q
a–
A
not
2
Q
af–
A
going into (was originally ad–)
3
Q
an–
A
not
4
Q
ana–
A
up, throughout, again
5
Q
anti–
A
against (an action)
6
Q
apo–
A
from, off, away
7
Q
auto–
A
self
8
Q
bi–
bin–
A
two, double
9
Q
cata–
A
down, downward
10
Q
con–
A
together, with
11
Q
de–
A
from, down, out
12
Q
di–
dipl–
A
separate, apart, double, two
13
Q
dys–
A
bad
14
Q
e–
ec–
ex–
A
out, off, from, beyond
15
Q
ef–
A
going out of
16
Q
en–
A
inside
17
Q
end–
endo–
A
inside
18
Q
epi–
A
on top of
19
Q
eso–
A
outward
20
Q
eu–
A
good, well–
21
Q
ex–
exo–
A
out, outside, without
22
Q
extra–
A
outside, more, beyond
23
Q
hemi–
A
half
24
Q
hyper–
A
too much
25
hypo–
(before process)
too little
26
hypo–
(before anatomical structure)
below
27
im–
in–
not
28
inter–
between
29
intra–
inside
30
isch–
keep back (shortening of Greek iskhein)
31
macro–
large
32
micr–
micro–
small
33
mid–
middle
34
mono–
one
35
multi–
several; many
36
para–
beside; near
37
peri–
around
38
poly–
many; too much
39
post–
behind (anatomically or in time)
40
pre–
in front of (anatomically or in time)
41
pro–
in front of; in favor of
42
quadri–
four
43
re–
again
44
sub–
an underlayer; support
45
sym–
syn–
with, together
46
trans–
through
47
tri–
three
48
uni–
one
49
xero–
dry
50
acous
acusis
hearing
51
aden
gland
52
aer
air
53
ambly
blunted
54
ambul
moving around
55
ampulla
flask with long, narrow neck
56
aneurysm[os]
dilation of an artery
57
angio
vessel
58
anxio
anxiety
59
arachn[id]
spider
60
arter
arterio
artery
61
asthen
weakness
62
athero
encysted tumor
63
audio
sound
64
audit
hearing
65
aur
sound
66
aut[os]
self
67
axo[n]
axon
nerve cell structure that carries a signal over a long distance
68
basi[s]
base (of the midbrain)
69
blephar/o
eyelid
70
brain
brain
71
cataract
cloudiness ("waterfall")
72
caud[a]
tail
73
central [sulcus]
in the center
74
cephal/o
pertaining to the head
75
cereb
cerebr/o
brain
76
chemo
chemical
77
chor[ion]
membrane (resembling the one surrounding the fetus)
78
clonus
violent shaking
79
cochlea
snail's shell
80
conjunctiva
joining (the eyelids and globe of the eye)
81
convuls[e]
jerking movement
82
corn[u]
horn
83
cortex
cortico
outside of a multilayered structure ("bark of a tree")
84
cran/i/o
head; skull
85
cycl/o
circle; in this case, the ciliary body which forms a circle around the inside of the eye
86
cysticercus
larval stage of some tapeworms
87
cyst/o
fluid-filled space
88
dacry/o
tear (drop)
89
decussate
make a shape like the letter X
90
dendr/o
tree
91
depress
push down
92
derm/a
derm/at
skin
93
duct
pipe
94
dura
tough
95
ectasis
dilation
96
edema
swelling
97
electro
related to electricity
98
embol
arterial blockage ("peg, stopper")
99
emulsion
mixture with large particle sizes
100
encephal/o
brain (literally, inside the head)
101
ependyma
lining of the ventricles
102
esthes
feeling
103
exter[i]o[r]
outside
104
externa
outside
105
fascia
sheet of fibers; bundle of stick-like structures
106
fer[re]
carry; move
107
front
front
108
gangl
gangl/i
cluster of nerve cell bodies
109
geminus
twins
110
gen
birth (dealing with inheritance)
111
glaucoma
increased pressure in eye
112
glia
gli/o
glue
113
glosso
tongue
114
glyc/o
sugar
115
gnos
knowing
116
gustat[e]
taste
117
gyrus
elevation or bump on the brain (from the Greek word for "ring, circle"
118
[h]em[e]
hem
heme
hemo
hemat
blood
119
homunculus
"little man"; map of the body on the brain surface
120
hydro
water
121
hypno
sleep
122
ictus
seizure; sudden, unexpected illness
123
idios
self
124
insula
island
125
ir[is]
irid[es]
irido
iris (plural irides)
126
kerat/o
horn
127
kine/t
movement
128
labyrinth
maze
129
lacrim
crying; tears
130
laryng/o
voice box
131
leps[is]
seizure; grasp
132
lex[is]
reading
133
ligand
signaling molecule or drug that binds a receptor
134
lir[a]
staying on track (literally, "furrow")
135
lith
stone
136
lob
lobo
large region of the brain; roundish structure
137
lymph
here, the fluid inside the inner ear chambers
138
mechano
mechanical
139
medulla
inside of a multilayered structure ("marrow")
140
mening
meningi
meningo
coverings of the brain
141
mens
ment
mind
142
metr
measurement
143
motor
movement
144
my[ein]
pupil constriction
145
myc
fungus
146
mydriasis
pupil dilation
147
myel/o
spinal cord
148
myo
muscle
149
myring/o
eardrum
150
narco
sleep
151
nas/o
nose
152
neur/o
nervous system
153
noci
harmful; noxious
154
nom
name
155
nucle
the center of something
156
nystagmus
nodding or jerking back-and-forth
157
occipit
back of the head
158
ocul/o
eye
159
op
ops
opt/o
eye; vision
160
ophthalm/o
eye; vision
161
orexis
desire
162
osmē
smell
163
oste/o
bone
164
ot/o
ear
165
propagate
reproduce; breed
166
papilla
nipple
167
paresis
weakness
168
pariet
side of the head
169
path[os]
feeling
170
phac/o
phak
lens
171
pharmaco
pertaining to drugs
172
phas
speaking
173
phon
sound
174
phor
carrier
175
phot/o
light
176
phren
skull; mind
177
physi
function
178
plas
something molded
179
pleg
stroke; weakness
180
plex
woven
181
pol[e]
polar
one end of a round object, as in North Pole & South Pole
182
polio
degeneration of myelin
183
presby
elder; old person
184
propri[us]
understanding of one's own body position
185
prosop
face
186
pseudo
187
psych/o
mind
188
py/o
pus
189
[re]ceptor
receptor
a protein on the surface of a cell that turns a chemical on the outside to a signal on the inside of the cell
190
retin/a
retin/o
net; the receptive surface of the eye
191
rhin/o
nose
192
saccule
small sac
193
salping/o
tube (e.g. Eustachian tube; Fallopian tube)
194
sciatic
nerve of the buttocks and thigh
195
scler/a
scler/o
hard (white of the eye)
196
scot
darkness; blindness
197
soma
body
198
somn/o
sleep; drowsiness
199
sono
sound
200
spin[e]
spinal column
201
stigma
wound; point
202
stimulus
something which initiates an action
203
sulcus
groove in the brain
204
synapse
contact between a nerve cell and its target
205
syncope
fainting
206
tempor
side of the head around the ear
207
therm/o
temperature
208
thromb/o
clot
209
tinnitus
jingling or ringing noise
210
tox
poison
211
transmit
carry along
212
trop
turning toward
213
tympan/o
eardrum
214
utricle
bag
215
varicos[e]
dilation; enlargement
216
vascul
little vessel
217
vertigo
spinning sensation
218
vestibul/o
inner ear structures controlling balance
219
vitr/e
glass
220
–al
pertaining to
221
–algia
pain
222
–ant
state of being
223
–ar
pertaining to
224
–asis
state of being
225
–ate
chemical name ending
226
–ation
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
227
–cele
hernia
228
–centesis
puncture
229
–dynia
pain
230
–ea
anatomical word ending
231
–eal
pertaining to
232
–ectomy
cutting out of
233
–ellum
diminutive suffix (cerebellum = "little brain")
234
–emia
present in blood, indicating disease
235
–ent
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
236
–etic
a drug or condition causing a process
237
–gram
a record of a test or procedure
238
–graphy
a test or procedure
239
–ia
disease
240
–ial
pertaining to
241
–iasis
presence of an abnormality
242
–iatrist
clinician who studies
243
–iatry
the act of studying
244
–ic
pertaining to
245
–ication
pertaining to + word ending that turns a verb into a noun
246
–icle
diminutive suffix
247
–ient
word ending which indicates an ongoing condition
248
–ing
at the end of a verb, means "ongoing"
249
–ion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
250
–ism
belief; process word ending
251
–ist
someone who studies
252
–itis
inflammation
253
–ity
turns a noun into a state of being
254
–ium
anatomical structure
255
–ive
to go
256
–ization
turns a noun into a verb and then back into a noun (which is weird)
257
–logist
one who studies
258
–logy
study of
259
–lysis
breaking down; destroying
260
–lytic
substance that causes a breakdown or destruction
261
–malacia
softening due to disease
262
–meter
instrument for measuring
263
–metry
the act of measuring
264
–oid
looks like; resembles
265
–ology
study of; o added to make it sound better
266
–oma
tumor
267
–on
unit of anatomical structure
268
–ory
pertaining to
269
–osis
process
270
–ous
word ending that turns a noun into an adjective
271
–pathy
disease process
272
–penia
low levels of
273
–pexy
surgical fixation
274
–plasty
surgical revision
275
–plegia
inability to move
276
–ptosis
drooping
277
–rrhag[e]
abnormal flow
278
–rrhaphy
suturing
279
–rrhea
abnormal flow
280
–scope
instrument for looking inside
281
–spasm
involuntary contraction
282
–stenosis
abnormal narrowing of an opening
283
–stomy
creating an opening (or "mouth") with surgery
284
–tatic
pertaining to stretching
285
–ter
noun ending
286
–tic
pertaining to; t added to make it sound better
287
–tome
instrument for cutting
288
–tomy
cutting
289
–trophic
pertaining to nourishment or growth
290
–trophy
nourishment, growth
291
–us
anatomical structure word ending
292
–y
disease
293
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
294
AU
both ears (Latin auris uterque)
295
AD
right ear (Latin auris dextra)
296
AS
left ear (Latin auris sinistra)
297
CNS
central nervous system
298
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
299
CVA
cerebrovascular accident; stroke
300
EEG
electroencephalogram
301
EENT
eye, ear, nose, and throat
302
ENT
ear, nose, and throat
303
EMG
electromyogram
304
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
305
ICP
intracranial pressure (not Insane Clown Posse)
306
IOL
intraocular lens
307
IOP
intraocular pressure
308
LASIK
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
309
LOC
level of consciousness
310
LP
lumbar puncture
311
MRA
magnetic resonance angiography
312
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
313
MS
multiple sclerosis
314
OU
both eyes (Latin oculus uterque)
315
OD
right eye (Latin oculus dexter)
316
OS
left eye (Latin oculus sinistra)
317
PET
positron emission tomography
318
PERRLA
pupils are equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodate
319
PNS
peripheral nervous system
320
TIA
transient ischemic attack
