Unit 8 for Brainscape - Prefixes, Roots, Suffixes, Abbreviations 2024 Flashcards
1
Q
a–
A
not
2
Q
af–
A
going into
3
Q
an–
A
not
4
Q
ana–
A
up, throughout, again
5
Q
anti–
A
against (an action)
6
Q
auto–
A
self
7
Q
baro–
A
weight; pressure
8
Q
bi–
A
two, double
9
Q
brady–
A
slow
10
Q
con–
A
together, with
11
Q
de–
A
from, down, out
12
Q
dia–
A
between
13
Q
dys–
A
bad
14
Q
endo–
A
inside
15
Q
epi–
A
on top of
16
Q
hemi–
A
half
17
Q
hyper–
A
too much
18
Q
hypo–
(before process)
A
too little
19
Q
inter–
A
between
20
Q
isch–
A
keep back
21
Q
iso–
A
equal
22
Q
mega–
A
large
23
Q
micro–
A
small
24
Q
mono–
A
one
25
oligo–
several; a handful
26
pan–
all; everything or everyone
27
peri–
around
28
pluri–
more than one; several
29
poly–
many; too much
30
pre–
in front of
31
pro–
in front of; in favor of
32
re–
again
33
semi–
half
34
sub–
an underlayer; support
35
tachy–
fast
36
tel–
an end; complete
37
trans–
through
38
tri–
three
39
abdomin
belly
40
ability
capacity to do something
41
adapt
change
42
aden
aden/o
gland
43
albumin
protein found in egg white; major blood protein
44
amine
chemical group containing nitrogen
45
aneurysm
dilation of an artery
46
ang
ang/i
ang/i/o
vessel
47
angina
chest pain
48
aort
aort/o
the large vessel leading from the heart
49
apex
the highest point
50
apheresis
separation of blood components
51
append
hanging upon, used in the name of the vermiform ("wormlike") appendix, usually shortened to "appendix"
52
arrest
to stop
53
arter
arter/i
arter/i/o
artery
54
ather
ather/o
plaque in an artery
55
atri
atrio
atrium
the chamber of the heart where blood first enters (by analogy to the atrium of a Roman villa)
56
axilla
armpit
57
baso
a chemical which accepts a hydrogen ion
58
bili
bile
59
body
protein molecule
60
brach
brach/i
brach/io
arm (thanks, Jay!)
61
capill[us]
small blood vessel
62
card
card/i
card/i/o
heart
63
catheter
tube used to gain access to the urethra or a blood vessel
64
cava
cave
65
cephal
head
66
chol
bile
67
chordæ tendineæ
cords (strings) + tendon
68
circula
going around in a circle
69
circum
going around
70
clav[icula]
clavicle
71
clon[e]
exact (genetically identical) copy of a cell or organism
72
coagul
coagul/a
coagul/o
clot
73
compatible
getting along with
74
competent
capable of doing something
75
compromise
weaken (in this context)
76
concave
bent inward
77
conduct
carry electricity
78
congest
accumulation of material
79
constric
constrict
make an opening smaller
80
continu
ongoing
81
contract
make a muscle shorter
82
coron
like a crown; blood vessels which encircle the heart
83
crit
judge; measure to analyze
84
cuspid
pointed end (as of a tooth or a heart valve)
85
cyan
blue
86
cyt
cyte
cyt/o
cell
87
diastole
relaxation phase of the heart cycle
88
dilate
to make an opening larger
89
diuresis
diuret
excessive urine production
90
duct
tube
91
echo
return of sound waves
92
edema
excessive fluid production
93
effusion
pouring out of
94
electr/o
pertaining to the flow of electrical charges
95
ellipto
shaped like an oval
96
embol
embolus
arterial blockage
97
enzyme
protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the cell
98
eosin/o
red stain used to visualize structures in cells; also referred to as acid
99
erythro
red
100
esophag
esophagus (tube from the mouth to the stomach)
101
externa
outermost
102
extrinsic
outside of
103
femor
femur
thigh
104
fenestra
window
105
fibr
fibre
fiber
106
fibrill
fluttering; rapid beating
107
flex
bend
108
fusion
joining together
109
gest
carrying (a baby)
110
glob
glob
111
glycer
sugar
112
granule
granul/o
particle; microscopic cell structures that resemble small grains of sand
113
gurgita[re]
flood
114
hapten
molecule that fastens other molecules together
115
hem
hem/at
hem/at/o
hem/o
blood
116
hepat/o
liver
117
hist
hist/o
tissue
118
hydr/o
water
119
ilia
flank
120
immun
immun/o
defensive system of the body which protects against foreign invaders
121
inflamma
literally, "on fire"; the body's non-specific response to real or perceived invasion
122
inguin
groin
123
innate
something that one knows already; not learned
124
intercalate
inserted between
125
interstit
interstit/i
the space between
126
intima
innermost
127
intrinsic
internal; built-in
128
jugul
referring to the collarbone & neck
129
kary/o
nucleus of the cell
130
kine
movement or action
131
lapar/o
belly; abdomen
132
laps[e]
fall forward
133
leuk
leuk/o
white
134
lith
stone
135
lunar
shaped like the moon
136
lymph
lymph/o
vessels that drain fluid from around the cells
137
macro
large
138
mandibul
jawbone
139
mano
pressure
140
margin
edge; border
141
media
middle
142
mediastinum
cavity that encloses the heart, the major vessels of the heart, and the thymus
143
mitr[a]
a type of hat, with a crease in the center, worn by Roman Catholic bishops; the mitral valve is named for its resemblance to this hat
144
murmur
rumbling sound
145
myel
myel/o
marrow (in this context, bone marrow)
146
myo
muscle
147
nephr/o
kidney
148
neutr/o
neither acid nor base; referring to Wright's stain for blood cells which uses hematoxylin (base) and eosin (acid)
149
nitr/o
chemical group containing nitrogen
150
norm/o
normal
151
nucl/e
the cell nucleus
152
opson[in]
a substance that makes bacteria more susceptible to immune attack
153
oxygen
a chemical element necessary for cell metabolism
154
palpita
trembling or quivering
155
pector
chest
156
perfor[ate]
poke holes in
157
perfu
flood throughout
158
petechia
small, red spots on the skin
159
phage
phago
eat
160
phil
love
161
phleb
phleb/o
vein
162
phoresis
movement of particles
163
phylaxis
protection; safeguard
164
placenta
shared organ between a mother and a fetus
165
plasm
plasm/a
liquid part of the blood, including clotting factors
166
plast
mold or shape (compare the suffix –plasty, meaning surgical alteration)
167
plat
flat
168
platelet
the cell fragment responsible for blood clotting; "little flat thing"; same as thrombocyte
169
poikilo
taking on many different shapes
170
poplite[us]
inside of the knee
171
potent
the power to do something; in this context, the ability to make a particular cell type
172
pressure
the force exerted by a liquid or gas on the walls of a vessel
173
pulmon
lung
174
receptor
a protein on the surface of a cell that turns a chemical on the outside to a signal on the inside of the cell
175
reticulo
like a little net
176
rhythm
rrhythm
having a regular beat
177
rub
red
178
scler
hard
179
sept
sept/o
wall separating two cavities
180
septic
filled with microorganisms
181
serum
fluid portion of blood with clotting components removed (e.g., the yellow fluid that exudes from a scraped knee after clotting has occurred)
182
sin
sin/o
open space
183
spasm
involuntary contraction
184
sphero
sphere
185
sphygmo
pulse
186
spleen
splen
splen/o
spleen
187
stasis
static
standing still
188
sten
blockage
189
steroid
lipid signaling molecule based on cholesterol
190
stom
mouth
191
striat[us]
having stripes
192
restrict
restrict, bind, draw together, hold back
193
suscita
give life to
194
systole
contraction phase of the heart cycle
195
tamponade
plug up; smash into
196
tens
stretched
197
thorac
chest
198
thromb
thromb/o
clot
199
thym
thym/o
thymus
200
titer
amount of an antibody needed to have a desired effect
201
ton
strength; tone
202
tonsil
tonsil/l
organs that trap and kill germs in the throat
203
tope
place
204
tox
poison
205
troph
nourishment, growth
206
tunica
tunic, coat
207
umbilic[us]
cord connecting the placenta to the baby
208
vagus
the nerve that innervates many thoracic and abdominal organs
209
valv
valv/o
valvul
valvul/o
valve
210
varic
varic/o
dilated vein
211
vas/o
vessel, tube, duct
212
vascul
little vessel
213
vegeta
growth
214
vein
ven
vena
ven/o
vein
215
ventr
ventric/ul
ventric/ulo
diminutive of ventrum, "belly"; so "little belly"
216
ver
turn
217
vol
volume
218
zygon
yoked, paired
219
–al
pertaining to
220
–algia
pain
221
–amine
chemical group
222
–ant
word ending that indicates a substance having that property
223
–ar
pertaining to
224
–ary
pertaining to
225
–ase
name for an enzyme, a protein or RNA molecule which promotes the forming or breaking of chemical bonds
226
–ated
having that quality
227
–centesis
puncture
228
–dynia
pain
229
–eal
pertaining to
230
–eau
ending used in some words of French origin
231
–ectasia
dilated condition
232
–ectasis
dilation
233
–ectomy
cutting out of
234
–em
present in blood (shortening of [h]em[e])
235
–emia
present in blood, indicating disease
236
–esis
process
237
–gen
arising from
238
–genesis
the process of creating
239
–genic
giving rise to
240
–gram
a record of a test or procedure
241
–graphy
a test or procedure
242
–ia
disease
243
–iac
pertaining to
244
–ial
pertaining to
245
–ic
pertaining to
246
–icle
diminutive suffix
247
–ile
word ending meaning "able to"
248
–in
chemical name ending for a protein
249
–ion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
250
–is
anatomical structure
251
–ism
belief; process word ending
252
–ist
someone who studies
253
–itis
inflammation
254
–ity
turns a noun into a state of being
255
–ium
word ending for an anatomical structure
256
–ive
to go
257
–ize
to make; cause to become
258
–ization
the process of making or causing to become
259
–logist
one who studies
260
–logy
study of
261
–lysis
breaking down; destroying
262
–malacia
softening due to disease
263
–megaly
enlargement due to disease
264
–meter
instrument for measuring
265
–oid
looks like; resembles
266
–ole
diminutive suffix
267
–oma
tumor
268
–one
chemical name ending
269
–or
substance or muscle which has that action
270
–ose
having that quality
271
–osis
process
272
–osus
Latin word ending
273
–ous
word ending that turns a noun into an adjective
274
–pathy
disease process
275
–penia
low levels of
276
–pexy
surgical fixation
277
–plasia
the process of molding or growing
278
–plasty
surgical revision
279
–poiesis
creation process
280
–ptosis
drooping
281
–rrhage
bursting forth
282
–rrhaphy
suturing
283
–rrhexis
rupture
284
–scope
instrument for looking inside
285
–scopy
the process of looking inside
286
–sion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
287
–stenosis
abnormal narrowing of an opening
288
stomy
creating an opening (or "mouth") with surgery
289
–tion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
290
–tomy
cutting
291
–us
anatomical structure word ending
292
–y
disease
293
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
294
A-Fib
atrial fibrillation
295
AV
atrioventricular
296
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
297
AED
automated external defibrillator
298
ALL
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
299
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
300
ASD
atrial septal defect
301
BMT
bone marrow transplant
302
BP
blood pressure
303
CA
cardiac arrest
304
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
305
CAD
coronary artery disease
306
CBC
complete blood count
307
CC
cardiac catheterization
308
CHF
congestive heart failure
309
CLL
chronic lymphoblastic leukemia
310
CML
chronic myeloid leukemia
311
CO
cardiac output
312
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
313
ECHO
echocardiogram
314
ECG
EKG
electrocardiogram
315
Hct
hematocrit
316
Hgb
hemoglobin
317
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
318
HR
heart rate
319
IVC
inferior vena cava
320
IVIg
intravenous immunoglobulin
321
IVS
interventricular septum
322
LA
left atrium
323
LV
left ventricle
324
MI
myocardial infarction
325
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
326
NSR
normal sinus rhythm
327
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
328
PLT
platelet count
329
RA
right atrium
330
RBC
red blood cell
331
RV
right ventricle
332
SA
sinoatrial
333
SV
stroke volume
334
SVC
superior vena cava
335
TEE
transesophageal echocardiogram
336
VSD
ventricular septal defect
337
WBC
white blood cell
