Unit 9 Quiz

Question 1

photosynthesis general equation

Answer 1

CO2 + H2O —–(sunlight)> O2 + glucose

carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

Light-dependent reactions

Answer 2

starts with a process called photolysis.

Question 3

Photolysis is when

Answer 3

energy from the sun breaks apart a water molecule in oxygen, electrons, and hydrogen ions.

Question 4

Photolysis occurs in the

Answer 4

thylakoid disk of a chloroplast

Question 5

In light-dependent reactions the oxygen is released so that

Answer 5

we have air to breath.

Question 6

In light-dependent reactions the electrons are used in

Answer 6

an electron transport chain which are a part of a thylakoid disk of a chloroplast.

The electrons are used in the formation of an energy rich substance called NADPH.

Question 7

In light-dependent reactions the hydrogen ions are used

Answer 7

in the formation of ATP

Question 8

Light-independent reactions

Answer 8

take place in the stroma of a chloroplast.

Question 9

The ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to

Answer 9

drive the light-independent reactions.

Question 10

In the light-independent reactions carbon dioxide is changed to

Answer 10

PGAL which is eventually changed to glucose

Question 11

Products of photolysis in light-dependent reactions

Answer 11

NADPH

ATP

Question 12

Chromatography

Answer 12

allows you to separate pigments from one another based on their chemical composition

Question 13

Accessory Pigments

Answer 13

1. chlorophyll a – blue-green
2. chlorophyll b – yellow-green
3. xanthophyll – yellow
4. carotene – orange

Question 14

Energy from the sun splits a water molecule into what three things?
(photolysis)

Answer 14

oxygen
e- (electrons)
H+ (hydrogen ions)

Question 15

What are the two products of the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 15

NADPH

ATP

Question 16

Where inside the chloroplast do the light independent reactions take place?

Answer 16

the stroma

Question 17

What is Rubisco and what does it do?

Answer 17

Rubisco is an enzyme (and protein) that is used to combine RuBP and CO2 and catalyze the first step of carbon fixation.

Question 18

Violet

Answer 18

380 - 450 nm

Question 19

Blue

Answer 19

450 - 500 nm

Question 20

Green

Answer 20

500 - 570 nm

Question 21

Yellow

Answer 21

570 - 590 nm

Question 22

Orange

Answer 22

590 - 620 nm

Question 23

Red

Answer 23

620 - 750 nm

Question 24

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is absorbed the most by the spinach extract?

Answer 24

400

violet

Question 25

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is absorbed the most by the carrot extract?

Answer 25

425 | violet

Question 26

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is transmitted the most by the spinach extract?

Answer 26

700 | red

Question 27

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is transmitted the most by the carrot extract?

Answer 27

575 | yellow

Question 28

The chromatography paper will separate the pigments based upon their

Answer 28

relative polarity and solubility, so the more hydrophobic pigments will have less of an affinity for the chromatography paper and will therefore be more likely become soluble in, and move with, the solvent front. Conversely, the more hydrophilic molecules which have a higher affinity for the chromatography paper are more likely to bind to the paper and thereby slower their overall movement with the solvent front (meaning that they are less soluble).

Question 29

The relative polarities for the pigments from the least hydrophilic to the most hydrophilic are:

Answer 29

``` carotene (red-orange-yellow) xanthophyll (yellow) chlorophyll a (blue-green) chlorophyll b (green-yellow) ```

Question 30

On your chromatography results, why did the pigment that was the closest to the top travel so much faster than the ones closer to the bottom?

Answer 30

The pigment at the top was less polar than the pigment at the bottom (it was more soluble in chromatography solvent)

Question 31

A plant is kept in a greenhouse where it is given light twenty-four hours a day. The leaf is boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine. Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

Answer 31

Leaf will turn very black; always able to perform photosynthesis = lots of starch stored

Question 32

A plant is kept in a greenhouse that is illuminated for six hours a day and kept in complete darkness for eighteen hours a day. Ten hours into the darkness cycle of the greenhouse, the leaf is plucked, boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine. Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

Answer 32

Less black, perhaps stray traces of black in the leaf. It is able to make starch, but must use some during dark periods.

Question 33

A plant is placed in a windowless room for a week with no sources of light anywhere. A leaf is plucked from this plant and boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine. Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

Answer 33

Brown leaf; with no light, the leaf cannot perform photosynthesis and must use all starch reserves for energy source.