Vascular diseases

Question 1

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Answer 1

arteriole vasospasm –> poor blood flow to skin - fingers and toes
cold temps
emotional stress - sympathetic activation
more in women, grab something in freezer thats cold

Vasospasm –> white (palor)
Cyanosis –> blue
Reperfused –> red - hyperemic

Assoc w/: 
mixed connective tissue dz
thromboangiitis obliterans
SLE
CREST scleroderma

Tx:
Avoid cold
dihydropyridine CCB - amlodipine

Question 2

Lymphangiosarcoma

Answer 2

lymphatic malignancy

assoc w/ persistent lymphedema

Question 3

Sturge-Weber dz

Answer 3

congenital
capillaries
intracranial malformation:
-leptomeningeal angioma
-meninges and eye affected

port-wine stain in ophthalmic division of trigeminal n.
-purple red

Assoc w/:
seizures
early onset glaucoma
intellectual disability
hemiplegia

Question 4

Strawberry hemangioma

Answer 4

Benign hemangioma of cutaneous surface capillaries

Infants

• grows as child grows for weeks, up to 6 mo then spontaneously regress
• gone by 8 yo

pink

Question 5

Cherry hemangiomas

Answer 5

benign hemangioma of cutaneous surface capillaries

does not regress

more with age

red mole

Question 6

Pyogenic granuloma

Answer 6

raised capillary hemangioma

ulcerate and bleed

assoc w/: pregnancy - lips and gums

Question 7

Angiosarcoma

Answer 7

blood vessel malignancy

face, scalp, neck, breast
assoc w/ prior radiation tx

met to bone and brain

Question 8

Cystic hygroma

Answer 8

cavernous lymphangioma of neck

assoc w/ turners

Question 9

Glomus tumor

Answer 9

benign, painful

reddish-blue tumor on hand - under nail

Question 10

Bacillary angiomatosis

Answer 10

bartonella henselae

benign
mistaken as kaposi sarcoma in AIDS pts - bx to differentiate

Question 11

Kaposi sarcoma

Answer 11

HHV8

classic KS: indolent cutnaeous tumor, older males of mediterranean descent, on legs

Endemic KS: subsaharan Africa

Epidemic KS: AIDS related

Proliferation of vessels and lymphatics on skin and internal organs (lung)