Virus, Hepatitis and Herpes (complete)

Question 1

What is the classification for Herpesviridae

Answer 1

DNA
Icosahedral
Enveloped
Double Stranded (linear)

Question 2

What are the strains of Herpes virus found in the oral cavity

Answer 2

HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus)
HSV-2
EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
CMV (Cytomegalo Virus)

Question 3

Where are HSV-`1 infections usually found

Answer 3

in HSV infections above the waist

Question 4

where are HSV-2 infections usually found

Answer 4

in HSV infections below the waist

Question 5

Are Herpes infections often latent infections

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

What are the 8 human herpes viruses

Answer 6

Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) HHV-1
Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2) HHV-2
Varicella zoster Virus (VZV) HHV-3
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) HHV-4
Cytomegalo Virus (CMV) HHV-5
Herpes Simplex Virus-6 HHV-6
Herpes Simplex Virus-7 HHV-7
Herpes Simplex Virus-8 HHV-8

Question 7

Where are HSV-1 and HSV-2 located in the human body

Answer 7

in the nerve ganglia

Question 8

where is EBV found in the human body

Answer 8

in resting B cells

Question 9

Where is CMV found in the human body

Answer 9

in the salivary glands??

Question 10

Who is most susceptible to primary herpes

Answer 10

6 month to 6 year old children (adults are not very susceptible, except as STD)

Question 11

What is caused by primary herpes

Answer 11

Gingivostomatitis

Question 12

how many adults are Ab + to primary herpes

Answer 12

80%

Question 13

how is primary herpes transmitted

Answer 13

saliva, kissing, close contact, fomites (toys)

Question 14

how does primary herpes express on skin

Answer 14

excema, whilow, herpes gladitorum

Question 15

how does primary herpes express on the cornea

Answer 15

keratojunctivitis

Question 16

What type of herpes causes cold sores and fever blisters

Answer 16

HSV-1

Question 17

Is ocular herpes primary herpes, or reactivation of latent herpes

Answer 17

reactivation of latent herpes

Question 18

What happens to Herpes viridae after primary gingivostomatitis

Answer 18

the virus hangs out in the Trigeminal ganglion, then can be reactivated in the maxillary, mandibular and opthalmic branches of the nerve

Question 19

What causes Herpes to reactivate

Answer 19

stress, excessive sunlight, fever, trauma, immunosuppression

Question 20

What is the main difference between the infection steps of Herpesviridae and other viruses

Answer 20

Herpes viridae blocks the

Question 21

What can secondary herpes virus cause

Answer 21

Blindness
Meningoencephalitis
Fulminant HSV
Transfer to fetus upon birth
whitlow
herpes gladitorum
pharyngitis, autoinoculation
loss of bladder control
pyschological trauma
interrupted personal relationship
stillbirths, spontaneous abortions

Question 22

What does EBV cause

Answer 22

burkitt’s lymphoma

hodgkins disease

Question 23

how does an EBV infection differ from first to third world countries

Answer 23

in third world it is mostly asymptomatic

in the first world it is a delayed infection, infectious mononucleosis

Question 24

How does EBV get transmitted

Answer 24

salivary droplets, oral-respiratory

Question 25

where does the EBV replicate

Answer 25

in nasopharynx and salivary glands

Question 26

What are the symptoms of an EBV? (mono)

Answer 26

Sore throat, malaise, fever-chills, headache, anorexia, profound fatigue

Question 27

What is the most susceptible age group to EBV infection

Answer 27

18-22 years old

Question 28

What do we do for EBV infections

Answer 28

we don't have a vaccine, and it is not sensitive to chemotherapy

Question 29

What causes chicken pox

Answer 29

HHV-3 (VZV)

Question 30

how does chicken pox relate to shingles

Answer 30

chicken pox is the is the primary infection HHV-3, shingles is the reactivation of that HHV-3 infection

Question 31

What can CMV HHV-5 cause

Answer 31

in utero congenital infection, can cause mental retardation

Question 32

Which two strands of HHV cause Roseola

Answer 32

HHV-6, and HHV-7

Question 33

Which strand of HSV is associated with a kaposi sarcome

Answer 33

HHV-8

Question 34

What is hepatitis

Answer 34

infection/inflammation of the liver

Question 35

What is the classification of the hepadnaviridae (Hepatitis B)

Answer 35

DNA Icosahedral Enveloped Double Stranded (circular) gapped

Question 36

How is Hepadnaviridae transmitted

Answer 36

Parenteral inoculation (IDU, Tattoo needles, blood needles, dental instruments) Sex Transplacental Oral (not common - requires 50x more virus)

Question 37

what is the average incubation period for hepadnaviridae HEP B

Answer 37

75 days

Question 38

What are the preicteric (before jaundice) symptoms of hepadnaviridae HEP B

Answer 38

anorexia, malaise, nausea, diarrhea, fever, abdominal discomfort

Question 39

What are the icteric (jaundice) symptoms of hepadnaviridae HEP B

Answer 39

Dark urine, light colored stools, release of liver enzymes, possible cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, death

Question 40

what are the two most likely outcome of hepadnaviridae HEP B infections

Answer 40

fairly quick recovery and death

Question 41

How can hepadnaviridae HEP B infections be prevented

Answer 41

screen blood donors, screen units of blood, limited sex, no drug abuse, hygeine. Vaccination

Question 42

How is a hepadnaviridae HEP B infection treated

Answer 42

IFN - alpha and beta | lamivudine and famciclovir (DNA polymerase inhibitor)

Question 43

What is the common name for Flaviviridae viruse

Answer 43

Hepatitus C virus

Question 44

what is the classification for flaviviridae virus

Answer 44

``` RNA Icosahedral Enveloped Single Stranded Positive ```

Question 45

what is used to treat HEP C

Answer 45

ritonavir, ombitasvir, dasabuvir, ribavirin

Question 46

What is the virus that causes HEP A

Answer 46

Picornavirus

Question 47

What is the classification of picornavirus

Answer 47

``` RNA Icosahedral Naked Single Stranded Positive ```

Question 48

what are the main problematic symptoms of HEP A

Answer 48

jaundice, liver degeneration, and death

Question 49

how is HEP A transmitted

Answer 49

the fecal-oral route (contaminated food and water Shellfish Drug abuse (needles) Sexual Contact

Question 50

how is HEP A prevented

Answer 50

hygeine, vaccination

Question 51

who is the HEP A vaccine recommended for

Answer 51

``` those traveling to endemic countries MSMs IDUs People who receive blood products children and adolescents with historically high HEP a rates NOT FOR PEOPLE WITH LIVER DISEASE ```