Vitamins & Minerals (function & deficiency)

Question 1

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 1

A D E K

Question 2

Vitamin A (function)

Answer 2

• eyes, hair, skin, teeth, mucous membranes

- fat metabolism

Question 3

Vitamin A (deficiency)

Answer 3

• dry skin
• poor dentition
• night blindness

Question 4

Vitamin D (function)

Answer 4

• promotes use of phosphorus and calcium

- bone and teeth development

Question 5

Vitamin D (deficiency)

Answer 5

• rickets
• tissues growth
• clotting ability

Question 6

Vitamin E (function)

Answer 6

• antioxidant
• formation of RBC
• muscle development

Question 7

Vitamin E (deficiency)

Answer 7

• anemia

- impaired muscle development

Question 8

Vitamin K (function)

Answer 8

four forms; phytonadione = most active:

• blood clotting
• synthesis of prothrombin
• factors VII, IX, X

Question 9

Vitamin K (deficiency)

Answer 9

prolonged clotting time

Question 10

water soluble vitamins

Answer 10

• Vitamin B complex (B1, B2, B3, B6)
• Vitamin C
• Folic Acid
• Vitamin B12

Question 11

Vitamin B1 (thiamine): function

Answer 11

• promotes use of sugars

Question 12

Vitamin B1 (thiamine): deficiency

Answer 12

Beriberi

• Wernicke’s encephalopathy
• Korsakoff’s syndrome
• Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Question 13

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): function

Answer 13

• promotes use of carbs, proteins, fats

Question 14

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): deficiency

Answer 14

• visual

- cheilosis

Question 15

Vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid/niacin): function

Answer 15

• energy producing reactions

- utilized for hyperlipidemia

Question 16

Vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid/niacin): deficiency

Answer 16

• pellagra

- growth retardation

Question 17

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): function

Answer 17

• metabolism
• protein synthesis
• RBC formation
• synthesis of nucleic acids, hemoglobin

Question 18

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): deficiency

Answer 18

• CNS effects
• dermatitis
• anemia

Question 19

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): function

Answer 19

• tissue repair and growth

- collagen formation

Question 20

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): deficiency

Answer 20

• scurvy
• poor wound healing
• infection risk

Question 21

Folic acid (folate/folvite): function

Answer 21

• formation of genetic material
• neural tube development
• blood cell formation

Question 22

Folic acid (folate/folvite): deficiency

Answer 22

• anemia
• depression
• birth defects

Question 23

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin): function

Answer 23

• aids in conversion of folic acid to folate
• nucleic acid building block
• RBC formation

Question 24

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin): deficiency

Answer 24

• anemia
• poor growth
• GI disorders

Question 25

macrominerals

Answer 25

?

Question 26

trace minerals

Answer 26

?

Question 27

iron (ferrous sulfate): function

Answer 27

- RBC formation | - hemoglobin regeneration

Question 28

iron (ferrous sulfate): deficiency

Answer 28

anemia

Question 29

copper (function)

Answer 29

- RBC formation - connective tissue formation - enzyme cofactor - production of NE and dopamine

Question 30

copper (deficiency)

Answer 30

- anemia | - decreased skin & hair pigmentation

Question 31

zinc (function)

Answer 31

- growth & tissue repair - wound healing - taste & smell

Question 32

zinc (deficiency)

Answer 32

- growth retardation - diarrhea, hair loss - immune system impairment

Question 33

chromium (function)

Answer 33

- utilization of sugars | - tissue growth

Question 34

chromium (deficiency)

Answer 34

- hyperglycemia | - nerve conduction

Question 35

selenium (function)

Answer 35

- antioxidant production | - potential anticarcinogenic effect

Question 36

selenium (deficiency)

Answer 36

- tissue atrophy and necrosis | - hypothyroidism

Question 37

general effects of B vitamins

Answer 37

- promote sense of wellbeing, increased energy | - decreased anger, tension, irritability

Question 38

Vitamin B complex

Answer 38

B: 1, 2, 3, 6 thiamine, riboflavin, niacinm pyridoxine TuRNiP