WHM (3) Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is lower back pain classified as?
pain between the bottom of the rib cage and the buttocks creases
3 ways to prevent back pain?
Regular exercise
Correct lifting technique
Good Posture
What is specific LBP?
Serious spinal disease and nerve root pain.
What is non specific LBP?
Pain that cannot be attributed to a known cause or area.
What did Steffens et al (2016) find about back pain?
Meta analysis and systematic review found that exercise and education reduces risk of LBP up to 45%
How long does acute LBP last for?
less than 6 weeks
How long does persistent LBP last for?
more than 6 weeks, less than 6 months
How long does chronic LBP last for?
more than 12 weeks
What did Koes et al (2010) do with regards to guidelines on NSLBP?
updated overview of clinical guidelines
In Koes et al’s updated overview, what content did he review?
International guidelines
13 national guidelines, 2 international.
What did Koes’ updated overview find helped chronic LBP?
Supervised Exercise
CBT
Multidisciplinary
What did Koes’ updated overview find helped acute LBP?
Gradual activity in patient
Discourage bed rest
Consider psychosocial factors
What counts as psycho-social factors?
Stress
Hostility
Depression
What does the negative branch of the Fear Avoidance Model involve?
Pain Experience Catastrophic Event Fear of movement Avoidance of movement Disuse of body
What does the positive branch of the Fear Avoidance Model involve?
Pain Experience
Low Fear
Exposure to movement
Recovery
What results in the ‘Low Fear’ stage in the positive branch of the Fear Avoidance Model involve?
Exercise and Education
Factors that can improve LBP?
Self Efficacy
Types of exercise
Medication
What does self efficacy refer to?
Confidence
What types of exercise can improve LBP?
Postural control
Aerobic
Muscle Strengthening
Stretching
What medication can improve LBP?
Analgesia (Pain Killers)
What is osteoporosis?
Fragile bone disease, result from porous bones.
What is osteoporosis associated with?
Menopause
What did Wolff et al (1999) find that could prevent osteoporosis?
Exercise Programmes prevent/reverse 1% of bone loss in menopausal women.
What did Kemmler et al (1999) find that could prevent osteoporosis?
2 year intensive training programme effective in reducing bone loss in menopausal and osteopenic women.
