Wk2 Diabetes Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Main MOA is inhibiting gluconeogenesis but not fully known:

A

Metformin

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2
Q

Reduces hepatic uptake of gluconeogenic substrates:

What side effect does this cause?

A

Metformin

lactate –> lactic acidosis

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3
Q

Systemic effect of Metformin:

A

increases insulin sensitivity (tyrosine kinase)

reduces lipolysis

reduces glucose absorption from SI

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4
Q

Binds SUR1 subunit of K+/ATP channel:

**How does this increase insulin secretion?

A

Glimepride

**closes channel –> DEPOLARIZES cell –> increases Ca++ –> induces fusing of insulin vesicles

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5
Q

Slide 6….

A

**this is a big one!!!

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6
Q

GLP-1 analog:

A

Exenatide

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7
Q

How does GLP-1 analog work?

A

Activates Adenyl Cyclase –> increased cAMP –> increased Ca++ –> increased insulin secretion

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8
Q

DPP-IV inhibitor:

A

Sitagliptin

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9
Q

How does Sitagliptin work?

A

inhibits DDP-IV –> prevents degradation of GLP-1 and GIP

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10
Q

K+ channel blockers:

A

–glinides

repaglinide, nataglinide

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11
Q

Two drugs that block K+ channel:

A

Glimepiride

–glinides

**need some beta cell activity to work

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12
Q

a-glucosidase inhibitors:

A

Acarbose

Miglitol

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13
Q

amylin analog:

A

Pramlinitide

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14
Q

How does Pramlintide work?

A

amylin analog

  • inhibits glucagon synthesis
  • inhibits gluconeogenesis in liver
  • delays gatric emptying
  • increases satiety
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15
Q

PPARgamma receptor agonist:

A

TZDs

–litazones

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16
Q

How do rosiglitazone and pioglitizone work?

A

activate PPARgamma (a transcription factor) –> upregulates GLUT transporter synthesis

**needs insulin present to work

17
Q

Bladder cancer

A

TZDs

18
Q

Two classes of insulin sensitizers:

A

metformin (biguanides)

TZDs

19
Q

Four classes of insulin secretagogues:

A
  1. sulfonylureas – GLIMEPRIDE
  2. meglinitides – “–GLINIDES”
  3. GLP analogs – EXENATIDE
  4. DDP-IV inhibitors – SITAGLIPTIN