Zoonoses II

Question 1

infective form of schistosoma

Answer 1

cercaria

Question 2

respiration done by adult worms in schistosoma

Answer 2

anaerobic

Question 3

clinical symptoms of acute infection with schistosoma mansoni and japonicum

Answer 3

katayama disease - rash, fever, myalgia

eosinophilia with hepatosplenomegaly

Question 4

clinical symptoms of chronic infection with schistosoma mansoni and japonicum

Answer 4

eggs lodged in blood vessels of liver –> diarrhea, constipation, chronic inflammation, liver fibrosis

Question 5

pathogenesis of schistosoma mansoni and japonicum

Answer 5

proteinases, collagenases, elastases

blockage of internal organs

Question 6

how does the schistosoma avoid the immune system

Answer 6

concealment of antigenic sites and molecular mimicry

Question 7

most common symptom of hookworms (ancyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus)

Answer 7

iron deficiency anemia followed by cardiac complications

Question 8

infective form of hookworms (anyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus)

Answer 8

filariform - L3 larvae

Question 9

immunopathogenesis of anyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus aka hookworms

Answer 9

protein losing enteropathies

type I autoimmune diseases

Question 10

infective stage of strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 10

filariform - L3 larvae or autoinfection with perianal skin or GIT mucosa

Question 11

manifestation of stronglyloide stercoralis

Answer 11

urticarial rash around thighs and buttocks (type I)
pulmonary symptoms
larva currens
blood eosinophilia
disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed

Question 12

pathogen in pasteurellosis and its characteristics

Answer 12

pasteurella multocida
gram neg short rods/short bacilli
oxidase positive
grows on enriched media like blood agar but not media selective for gram negs

Question 13

what is pasteurellosis sensitive to

Answer 13

penicillin

Question 14

how does one get infected with pasteurellosis

Answer 14

bite by dogs or scratch (sometimes human bite)

Question 15

clinical syndrome and diagnosis of pasteurellosis

Answer 15

cellulitis

diagnose with culture from aspirated pus

Question 16

pathogen in cat scratch disease and its characteristics

Answer 16

bartonella henselae

gram neg and facultative intracellular

Question 17

symptoms of cat scratch disease

Answer 17

fever and regional lymphadenopathy (head, neck, axilla)

Question 18

what does bartonella henselae cause in HIV patients

Answer 18

bacillary angiomatosis

Question 19

diseases caused by bartonella quintana an bartonella bacilliformis

Answer 19

quintana - trench fever

bacilliformis - oroya fever

Question 20

what is classified under ornithosis aka psittaci

Answer 20

chlamydophilia

Question 21

two forms of chlamydophilia psittaci and its function

Answer 21

elementary bodies - infective form and is metabolically inactive

reticulate bodies - noninfectious form and is metabolically active

Question 22

characteristics of chlamydophilia

Answer 22

no peptidoglycan in cell wall
contains lipopolysaccharide (it is gram neg intracellular)
major outer membrane protein (MOMP)
outer membrane protein (OMP)

Question 23

how does chlamydophilia replicate

Answer 23

• elementary bodies attach to microvilli and penetrate into the cell
• intact elementary bodies outer membrane inhibits fusion to lysosomes so no killing of chlamydia
• EB reorganizes and becomes large metabolically active RBs
• RBs then divide into smaller EBs rupturing the host cell

Question 24

how does one get chlamydophilia psittaci

Answer 24

inhalation of excreta, urine, or respiratory droplets from birds

Question 25

pulmonary symptoms of chlamydophilia psitacci aka parrot fever

Answer 25

non productive cough and consolidation

Question 26

pathogen in yersiniosis and its characteristics

Answer 26

``` yersinia pestis gram negative glucose fermenter polysaccharide capsule oxidase negative ```

Question 27

hosts for yersiniosis

Answer 27

rodents --- they tend to get lymphohematogenous infection

Question 28

vector for yersiniosis

Answer 28

xenophylla cheopis which is rat flea

Question 29

how does one get exposed to yersiniosis

Answer 29

flea bite by the xenophylla cheopis | inhalation of droplets

Question 30

what do each form of the yersiniosis exposure lead to

Answer 30

flea bite - infected lymph node swells giving a bubo and then can progress to bacteremia inhalation - pneumonic plague

Question 31

what does not work against the pneumonic plague

Answer 31

inactivated vaccine

Question 32

incubation of yersiniosis

Answer 32

bubo - 4 to 7 days | pneumonic - 18 to 36 hours

Question 33

what occurs if person gets the pneumonic form of yersiniosis

Answer 33

they get violent and fulminating bacterial pneumonia which is usually fatal

Question 34

those with descendants who survived the plague have heightened resistance against what

Answer 34

HIV

Question 35

if you are heterozygous for the gene that makes a defective CCR5 sequence, what benefit do you have

Answer 35

increased resistance against HIV

Question 36

if you are homozygous for the gene that makes a defective CCR sequence, what is the benefit

Answer 36

immune against HIV