1. up experience of care 2. up pop health 3. down cost

1-1 Flashcards by Heejae Yang

Fast responsepathway is called

Sympatho-adrenal pathway

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Fast response (3 things that happen to body)

Dilate pupils; Constrict blood vessels (GI tract & skin); Dilate blood vessels (skeletal muscles)

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Slow response

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

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Positive short term effects of cortisol

1. Mobilize energy reserves (increase glucose and fatty acid release)

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Chronic cortisol leads to what about blood vessels

up stiffness

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% of GDP healthcare NOW

$$ per capita NOW

20%

$10,000

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What are the 3 spheres where Americans get care?

#1. Popular = treatment which is community based (fam) 
#2. Folk = ethnic/religious healers 
#3. Professional

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Gov insurance % of US pop

30%

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Triple aim is

up experience of care
up pop health
down cost

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All country’s systems have (2 things)

comprehensive

- similar salaries for all docs

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Canadian health system: all medically necessary care provided WITHOUT “”

Co-pays

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2 features of patient centered med home

personal doc

- whole person orientation

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RI’s unemployment rate %

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RI ranks # for % of children living in poverty

US average

Rank in 20s

20s

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RI ranks best in what (2 things)

Ranks #1 for immunization among children

Ranks #1 for im. Among teens

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3 priorities of RI DOH

#1. Address social determ
#2. Eliminate health disparities 
#3. Ensure access to care

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name of proposed solution (geographic areas)

Health equity zone

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Many states are showing (up/down) in childhood obesity

Down

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Obesity is BMI over #

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Aging pyramid trend

1980 to now

Before: base is young
Now: the base balloons up, so that the end result is an upside down heart

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example of Polysaccharide

amylose starch

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Carbs (3 types)

Mono-saccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharide

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examples of lipids (2)

fatty acid

acyl-glycerol (triglyceride)

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fatty acid principle things (chemically)

methyl group on one end

carboxyl group on other

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types of lipids

FA acylglycerol sphingo-lipid steroid

amino acids consist of

amino + carboxylic acid groups

nitrogen containing comp (list them)

``` #1 AA #2 purine, pyri-midine, pyri-dine #3 nucleoside #4 nucleotide ```

# define nucleoside tide

side = nitrogen containing ring plus sugar, like ribose tide = nucleoSIDE with a phosphate attached to the sugar

list AA that are essential

I like light that tries making home very pretty ``` isoleucine leucine lysine threonine tryptophan methionine histidine valine phenylalanine ```

during a 24 hr fast, energy needs are met by

- consumption of liver glycogen | - conversion of protein to glucose via gluconeogenesis

during longer periods of fasting, remaining energy needs are supplied by

- production of ketone bodies from fatty acids | - by muscle protein, which is a substrate for gluconeogenesis

3 ways metabolic regulation is done

- availability of substrates - covalent modification of enzymes - altered synthesis/breakdown of enzymes

"" is the primary storage form of carb in plants

starch

soluble fiber "" (slows/fasts) digestion

slows

source of insoluble | soluble

insoluble - bran - whole grain soluble -pectin-containing foods (fruit, legume)

define glycemic index

blood glucose response to a carb

what is the primary utility of GI

predict glucose response in ppl with diabetes

adj essential means

must be acquired thru diet

Total energy expenditure =

Resting energy expenditure (60%) + thermic effect of food + calories expended in physical activity

Thermic effect of food = what

10%(TEE)

Body water makes up ?/70 kg male

40 kg

If a person of normal weight has free access to water BUT nothing to eat, how long can they survive?

2 month

Mono-saccharides (3 things)

Glucose Fructose Galactose

Glucose dietary source (2) Fructose dietary source (2)

Fruits Corn syrup Fruit High fructose corn syrup

Galactose dietary source

Milk

Why is galactose weird

Not found free in nature

What are the di-saccharides

Sucrose Lactose Maltose

Define glycemic index

Area under the curve Blood sugar over time after you consume something

The more saturated, the “” the melting temp

Higher

# Define trans fat - un/sat | - contains (cis/trans) (iso/poly) fatty acid

Unsaturated fat that contain trans isomer fatty acids

Trans fat pro (2)

1) less prone to oxidation | 2) higher burning temp

the force that moves water (to side with more solutes) is called

osmotic pressure

water req #

1 mL / 1 Cal

read: reduce water loss by keeping wet clothes close to skin

pH equation

-log [H+]

normal blood pH

7.4

define acid | base

a = donate H base = accept H

Ka denotes what

tendency of acid to dissociate and donate H

lower the pKa...what

lower the pKa, the greater the tendency for the acid to dissociate/stronger the acid

greatest increase in blood sugar when eat what kind of food

complex

1-1 Flashcards

(60 cards)