10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Cell Division

A

the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells

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2
Q

Information Overload

A

As a cell increases in size, the DNA stays the same, so if a cell grew too big, an information overload occurs

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3
Q

What solves the “information overload” problem?

A

The replication of DNA before cell division

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4
Q

What is another way that cell division solves “information overload”

A

By INCREASING the surface area to volume ratio (SA-to-V)

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5
Q

Reproduction

A

the formation of new individuals and is also one of the most important characteristics of life

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6
Q

How do unicellular organisms reproduce?

A

Cell division

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7
Q

What are the two types of reproduction?

A

Asexual and sexual

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8
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

the production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent

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9
Q

What organisms reproduce asexually?

A

Bacterium, unicellular organisms, some multicellular organisms, hydras, and some plants

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10
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

offspring produced by the fusion of special reproductive cells formed by each of the 2 parents

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11
Q

Where do the offspring of organisms produced during sexual reproduction get their genetic information from?

A

from both parents

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12
Q

What organisms perform sexual reproduction

A

most animals and plants and some unicellular organisms

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13
Q

Mitosis for cells can also be known as

A

asexual reproduction

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14
Q

Why do cells divide

A

1) B/c the DNA of a cell can only control up to a certain amount of organelles before it loses control
2) Bc a large cell is less efficient with transporting nutrients and waste materials out of the cell
3) Bc as a cell grows there is a higher amount of waste, proteins, nutrients, etc

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15
Q

What represents the surface area of a cell

A

cell membrane

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16
Q

What represents the volume of a cell

A

cytoplasm

17
Q

An asexual parent produces a

A

clone

18
Q

As a cell’s size increases, the ratio of its surface area to volume ______

A

decreases

19
Q

Why is the surface area to volume ratio of a cell important/

A

Bc it shows how much surface area is present to be able to transport the components in the volume of the cell

20
Q

When dimensions double, surface area multiplies by

A

4

21
Q

When dimensions double, volume multiplies by

A

8

22
Q

What are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

A

1) Lack of biodiversity can kill off species if the environment changes

23
Q

What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

A

1) faster
2) required less energy (to mate, etc.)
3) less mutations so strive in the same way (thrive in the same environment)

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

A

1) Process of finding a mate and the growth and development of the offspring take a long time

25
Q

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

A

1) Higher chance of mutation (which can be beneficial) which helps evolution (adapt to a changing environment)
2) Provides genetic diversity — if environment changes, organism might still have characteristics to survive

26
Q

What is one organisms that reproduces sexually and asexually

A

yeasts

27
Q

yeast is a ___-_____ ________

A

single-celled eukaryote

28
Q

Why do yeasts reproduce sexually and asexually

A

they usually reproduce asexually but when needed they reproduce sexually