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Speech Anatomy & Physiology > 1.04-A -Neuron Protection and Nourishment > Flashcards

1.04-A -Neuron Protection and Nourishment Flashcards

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1
Q

What three things protect the brain?

A

Bone

Meninges

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

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2
Q

Where does the brain get nutrients?

A

Vascular System

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3
Q

What are some autonomic tasks?

A

Breathing

Heartbeat

Etc.

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4
Q

What is the cerbral cortex?

A

The outer layer of the brain

The periphery

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5
Q

Where does the word “cerebral” come from?

A

The word for “cork” or “bark”

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6
Q

The cerbral cortex is the thin outer layer of the _____ the contains the _____ (______)

A

Cerebrum

Neural Tissue (Neurons)

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7
Q

Are all layers of the cerbral cortex the same?

A

No

Some are thicker and some are thinner

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8
Q

What is the triple layer of bone called?

A

Diploe

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9
Q

What are the three meninges called?

A

Dura Mater

Arachnoid Mater

Pia Mater

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10
Q

What is the Dura Mater?

(2)

A

Outermost meninge

A tough, leathery fibrous lining that attaches to the skull

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11
Q

What does Dura Mater mean?

A

Tough Mother

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12
Q

Is the Dura Mater a single layer?

(3)

A

No

It splits into two layers in places and allows for CSF to enter

These are called sinuses

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13
Q

What is the Arachnoid Mater?

(3)

A

Middle meninge

Has many blood vessels

Very delicate

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14
Q

What does “Arachnoid Mater” mean?

A

Spider Mother

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15
Q

What are the Arachnoid Granulations?

A

Extentions of the arachnoid mater that intrude into the dura mater sinuses

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16
Q

What do the Arachnoid Granulations do?

A

Absorb CSF

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17
Q

What is another name for the Arachnoid Granulations?

A

Arachnoid Villi

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18
Q

What are the Arachnoid Trabeculae?

A

Delicate strands of connective tissue that loosely connect the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

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19
Q

What do the Arachnoid Trabeculae do?

A

Creates the subarachnoid space which contains cerebrospinal fluid

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20
Q

What does Pia Mater mean?

A

Gentle Mother

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21
Q

What is the Pia Mater?

A

Most inferior meninge

Adheres to the brain

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22
Q

What does cerebral spinal fluid do?

A

Helps the brain to float and avoid mild impact injuries

Removes waste created from neural firing

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23
Q

What does Epidural mean?

A

Above the dura mater

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24
Q

What is another name for epidural?

A

Extradural

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25
What does subdural mean?
Between the dura mater and arachnoid mater
26
What does subarachnoid mean?
Under the arachnoid mater
27
What is the Superior Sagittal Sinus?
A sinus formed by two layers of the dura mater Forms at the superior junction of the two hemispheres
28
Where is CSF formed
By the ependymal cells
29
Where are the ependymal cells?
In the Choroid Plexus
30
CSF is a ____ derivative.
Blood
31
How much CSF do we produce in a day?
500 ml/day
32
What are ventricles?
The space inside the brain
33
How much CSF do our ventricles hold?
Around 125 ml
34
Where does CSF start?
In the Lateral Ventricles
35
Where does CSF go after the lateral ventricles?
Interventricular Foramen (Foramen of Monroe)
36
Where does CSF go after the Interventricular Foramen?
The third ventricle
37
Where does CSF go after the third ventricle?
The cerebral aquaduct
38
Where does CSF go after the cerebral aquaduct?
The fourth ventricle
39
Where does CSF go after the fourth ventricle?
The lateral and median aperatures
40
Where does CSF after the lateral and median aperatures?
Subarachnoid space
41
Where does CSF go after the Subarachnoid space?
Superior Sagittal Sinus
42
Where does the Superior Sagittal Sinus get its CSF?
Subarachnoid Space
43
Where does the Subarachnoid Space get its CSF?
The lateral and medial apertures
44
Where do the lateral and medial apertures get their CSF?
The fourth ventricle
45
Where does the fourth ventricle get its CSF?
Cerebral Aquaduct
46
Where does the cerebral aquaduct get its CSF?
The third ventricle
47
Where does the third ventricle get its CSF?
Intracentricular Foramen (Foramen of Monroe)
48
Where does the Intracentricular Foramen get its CSF?
Lateral Ventricles
49
Where do the Lateral Ventricles get their CSF?
Choroid Plexus By the Ependymal Cells
50
What are these?
Arachnoid Granulations
51
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater B = Arachnoid Mater C = Arachnoid Trabeculae D = Pia Mater E = Artery F = Subarachnoid Space G = Subdural Space
52
What is this?
Cerebral Cortex | (Grey matter)
53
Label the following:
A = Choroid Plexus B = Lateral Ventricle C = Third Ventricle D = Cerebral Aquaduct / Aquaduct of Sylvius E = Fourth Ventricle F = Sagittal Sinus G = Arachnoid Granulation (Villi) H = Subarachnoid Space
54
What is this called?
Diploe
55
What kind of hemorrhage is this?
Subarachnoid
56
What kind of hematoma is this?
Epidural
57
What kind of hematoma is this?
Subdural
58
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater B = Arachnoid Mater
59
Label the following:
A = Arachnoid Mater B = Pia Mater
60
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater B = Arachnoid Mater C = Pia Mater
61
What is this?
Superior Sagittal Sinus
62
Label the following:
A = Lateral Ventricles B = Interventricular foramen C = Third Ventricle D = Cerebral Aquaduct E = Fourth Ventricle F = Central Canal
63
Label the following:
A = Lateral Ventricles B = Interventricular foramen C = Third Ventricle D = Cerebral Aquaduct E = Fourth Ventricle F = Central Canal

Speech Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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