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Speech Anatomy & Physiology > 4.01 - Articulation & Resonance A > Flashcards

4.01 - Articulation & Resonance A Flashcards

(98 cards)

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0
Q

What’s another name for Glossopalatine?

A

Palatoglossus

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1
Q

What’s another name for Palatoglossus?

A

Glossopalatine

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2
Q

What’s another name for Palatal Levator?

A

Levator Veli Palatini

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3
Q

What’s another name for Levator Veli Palatini?

A

Palatal Levator

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4
Q

What are five upper airway functions that are necessary to sustain life?

A

Eating

Breathing

Vomiting

Coughing

Sneezing

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5
Q

What are two upper airway functions necessary for speech?

A

Filter Function

Oro-Nasal Coupling

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6
Q

What three things are necessary for speech?

A

Power source

Sound source

Sound filter

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7
Q

The upper vocal tract ______ of the cavities, spaces, and location of the constriction to resonate some frequencies of the ______ and attenuate others.

A

Modulates the shape

Glottal tone

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8
Q

The articulation of speech is created by everything ______.

A

Above the vocal folds

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9
Q

What are the two functions does the vocal filter provide?

A

Resonates harmonics

Attenuates harmonics

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10
Q

Resonate means to _____ harmonics where attenuate means to ______ harmonics.

A

Reinforce

Reduce the power

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11
Q

What are formants? What determines them?

A

Resonated harmonic frequencies

The length and shape of the vocal tract

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12
Q

What are the three stages of speech production?

A

Glottal tone

Vocal tract filter

Output

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13
Q

What is the Torus Tuberius?

A

The cartilaginous protrusion around the auditory (eustachian) tube opening

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14
Q

People say the ethmoid bone is shaped like a _____.

A

Walnut

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15
Q

People say the Vomer Bone is shaped like a ______.

A

Plow

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16
Q

What is another word for nostrils?

A

Nares

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17
Q

Nares are lined with _____ which catch _____ and _____.

A

Hair

Dust

Bacteria

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18
Q

Conchae create swirling pathways for air which ____________ which protects the lungs.

A

Warms and moistens the air

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19
Q

What sort of lining is in the nasal cavities and sinuses?

A

Mucosal

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20
Q

How much mucus do we produce in a day?

A

Around a quart

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21
Q

What does mucus contain?

2

A

Infection-Fighting Enzymes

White Blood Cells

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22
Q

What secondary function does mucus provide?

A

It is sticky and washes the nasal wall of particles

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23
Q

What joint does the Condylar Process connect to?

A

Temporomanibular Joint

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24
What joint does the Coronoid Process?
None. It only connects to muscles
25
A Class II Malocclusion is an ______.
Overbite
26
A Class III Malocclusion is an _______.
Underbite.
27
What is the difference between TMJ & TMD?
Temporomandibular Joint Temporomandibular Disorder
28
"Velum" comes from the latin word for _____.
Curtain
29
"Uvela" come from the Latin word for _______.
Little Grape
30
The Frenulum connects the tongue to the ______.
Mandibule
31
What can a restricted frenulum cause?
Trouble reaching alveolar sounds or with swallowing
32
What are the passive forces of the Upper Airway Apparatus? | 3
Recoil Surface Tension Gravity Aerodynamic (for things like trills)
33
What are the active forces of the Upper Airway Apparatus? | 5
Pharyngeal Muscles Mandibular Muscles Tongue Muscles Face/Lip Muscles Velum
34
What is the Upper Airway Apparatus?
The tube above the vocal folds
35
What are the muscles of the Pharynx? | 4
Superior, Middle, & Inferior Constrictor Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus Stylopharyngeus
36
What is the Lumen?
The pharyngeal tube
37
What do the Constrictors do?
Reduce the size of the lumen
38
The Superior Constrictor goes from the ______ to the ______.
Posterior Median Raphe Pterygoid Mandibular Ligament
39
What does the Superior Constrictor do? | 2
Decreases the cross section of the lumen and squeezes
40
The Middle Constrictor goes from the ______ to the _______ and the ______.
Posterior Median Raphe Greater & Lesser Horns of the Hyoid Styloid Process
41
What does the Middle Constrictor do?
Decreases the cross section of the lumen
42
The Inferior Constrictor goes from the ______ to the _______.
Posterior Median Raphe Thyroid & Cricoid Cartilages
43
What does the Inferior Constrictor do?
Decreases the cross sectional area of the lumen
44
The Stylopharyngeus connects to the _______ to the _______ and the ________.
Lateral walls of the pharynx Mastoid Process Stylo Process
45
What does the Stylopharyngeus do? | 2
Increases the cross sectional area Dialates Elevates and opens the pharynx
46
The Palatopharygeus goes from the ______ to the _______.
Soft palate Back pharyngeal wall
47
What does the Palatopharyngeus do?
It can lower the palate or raise the pharynx
48
What do the vertical fibers of the Palatopharyngeus do?
Elevate the pharynx
49
What do the horizontal fibers of the Palatopharyngeus do?
Constrict Lower the palate
50
The Salpingopharygeus attaches to the _______ and joins the _______.
Torus Tuberius Palatopharyngeus muscles
51
What does the Salpingopharyngeus do?
Elevates the pharynx
52
"Salpino-" comes from the Latin root for ______.
Jumping
53
What are the Muscles of Mastication? | 6
Temporalis Masseter External & Internal Pterygoid Geniohyoid Diagastric (anterior) Mylohyoid
54
What is the "Mandibular Sling"?
Masseter & Internal Pterygoid
55
What does the Masseter do? | 2
Elevator Raises the jaw
56
The Masseter connects the ______ to the _______ and the _______.
Zygomatic arch Ramus of the Mandible Coronid Process
57
The Internal Pterygoid connects the ______ to the _______.
Pterygoid processes Superior surface of the mandible
58
What does the Internal Pterygoid do?
Elevates the mandible
59
What is another name of the Internal Pterygoid?
Medial Pterygoid
60
What does the Mandibular Sling do?
Closes the jaw
61
The Temporalis connects the ______ to the _______.
Temporal bone Mandible
62
What does the Temporalis do?
Closes the jaw
63
What muscles help close the jaw? | 3
Internal Pterygoid Temporalis Masseter
64
True or false, the muscles that close the jaw are very powerful?
True
65
The Digastric (Anterior) connects the _______ to the _______.
Front of the mandible Front of the hyoid
66
What does the Digastric (Anterior) do? | 3
Pulls the hyoid forward Depresses the mandible Opens the jaw
67
The Mylohyoid connects the ______ to the ______ and the ______.
Inner mandible Median Fibrous Raphe Hyoid
68
What does the Mylohyoid do? | 2
Depresses the mandible Opens the jaw
69
The Geniohyoid connects the ______ to the _______.
Mandible Hyoid
70
What does the Geniohyoid do? | 2
Depresses the mandible Opens the jaw
71
What does the Platysma do? | 2
Depresses the mandible Opens the jaw
72
What muscles open the jaw? | 4
Digastric (Anterior) Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Platysma
73
The External Pterygoid connects the _______ to the ______.
External process of the mandible Zygomatic process
74
What does the External Pterygoid do?
Slides the jaw forward
75
What muscles protrudes the jaw?
External Pterygoid
76
What does ABD stand for? What is it also called?
Anterior Belly of the Digastricus Digastric (Anterior)
77
What does the PBD stand for? What is it also called?
Posterior Belly of the Digastricus Digastricus (Posterior)
78
What innervates the Mandibular Sling?
CN V Trigeminal Nerve
79
What innervates the ABD?
CN V Trigeminal Nerve
80
What innervates the Mylohyoid?
CN V Trigeminal Nerve
81
What innervates the PBD?
CN VII Facial Nerve
82
What innervates the Geniohyoid?
CN XII Hypoglossal Nerve
83
What is CN V?
Trigeminal Nerve
84
What is the Vallecula? | 2
The valley between the tongue and the epiglottis Can create swallowing issues if food or water gets stuck here.
85
What is another name for the Lateral Pterygoid?
External Pterygoid
86
What is another name for the Medial Pterygoid?
Internal Pterygoid
87
What is another name for the External Pterygoid?
Lateral Pterygoid
88
What is another name for the Internal Pterygoid?
Medial Pterygoid
89
How many incisors does an adult have?
8
90
How many canines does an adult have?
4
91
How many premolars does an adult have?
8
92
How many molars does an adult have?
12
93
Cleft Lip occurs when the _______ does not fuse.
Premaxillary suture
94
The palatine tonsils are nestled between the ______ and the _______.
Anterior Faucial Pillars Posterior Faucial Pillars
95
Are the passive forces of the upper airway apparatus involved in phonation?
Yes
103
In cleft palate, the _______ does not fuse.
Maxillary plate
104
What is the main innervation for the Muscles of Mastication?
CN V Trigeminal Nerve

Speech Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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