Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Speech Anatomy & Physiology > 3.03 - Phonation C > Flashcards

3.03 - Phonation C Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What three things can cause adjustments to the Laryngeal Apparatus?

A

Vocal Fold Vibration (Phonation)

Glottal Size & Shape

Vocal Fold length, stiffness, & tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What five things affect Phonation?

A

Vocal fold adduction

Generation of subglottal pressure

Vertical Phase Difference

Horizontal Phase Difference

Muscosal Wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The vocal folds are adducted and held in place by what three things?

A

Muscular force

Surface tension

Gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alveolar pressure is raised by volume ______.

A

Compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____ builds up and blows apart the vocal folds.

A

Subglottal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_____ start to bring the vocal fold back together.

A

Recoild forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Air flow begins to diverge, decreasing pressure, and sucking the vocal folds back together. What is this called?

A

Bernoulli effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What might you be doing if you have no glottis?

A

Coughing

Thoracic fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What might you be doing if you have a small glottis?

A

Breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between Vocal Fold Length and Effective Vocal Fold Length?

A

Vocal Fold Length = Anatomical length

Effective Vocal Fold Length = What’s being used. What’s vibrating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Medial Compression?

A

When the vocal folds are pressed tightly together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is needed when there is more Medial Compression?

A

More subglottal pressure to blow them apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Do you need more Medial Compression when you are being loud or when you are being soft?

A

Loud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What muscles create Medial Compression?

A

LCA

Oblique Arytenoid

Transverse Arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is tension?

A

How tight something is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does increased tension cause?

A

Higher pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What will cause more tension in the vocal folds?

A

Lengthening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Stiffness?

A

How much something moves in response to a given force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What will increasing stiffness cause?

2

A

Increase in loudness

Lowers pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Are swollen vocal folds more tense or more stiff?

A

More stiff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the main muscle that lengthens the vocal folds

A

Cricothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What muscles creates vocal fold stiffness?

A

Pars Rectus Cricothyroid

Thyroarytenoid

PCA (Antagonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the three types of sound created by the vocal folds?

A

Pop (glottal stop)

Turbulence (hissing)

Quasiperiodic (buzzing, holding a tone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the three parameters of the glottal tone?

A

F0

SPL (sound pressure level)

HNR (harmonic to noise ratio)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does HNR change?
Voice quality
26
What is another word for harmonics?
Overtones
27
What four things change F0?
Stiffness of the vocal folds Effective vibrating mass Longitudinal tension (tension along length) "Vertical Height"
28
What can raise F0?
Increase in vocal fold length Decrease in cross sectional mass Increase in longitudinal tension Laryngeal elevators (raise larynx)
29
What muscles can cause an increase in vocal fold length?
Cricothyroid (pulls thyroid forward and down)
30
What muscles can cause a decrease in cross sectional area?
Pars rectus cricothyroid
31
What muscles can cause an increase in longitudinal tension?
Thyroarytenoid w/ PCA as antagonis
32
What lowers F0?
When pitch is near the lower limits of the pitch range When the vocal folds relax thus increasing mass Laryngeal depressors
33
What causes glottal fry?
Speaking a pitch too low for your anatomy
34
What happens when the muscularis contracts unopposed?
It lowers pitch
35
What vocal fold layer holds the vocal ligament?
Intermediate lamina properia Deep lamina properia
36
Does pitch stay consistent in conversation?
No
37
What are the three voice registers?
Pulse Modal Loft
38
What is the Pulse Register? | 3
Low end of frequency range High in harmonics Low in sound pressure
39
What is the Modal Register? | 3
Mid Range "Chest Voice" Lower part of this range used in typical speech
40
What is the Loft Register?
High end of frequency range Low in harmonics High in sound pressure "Head voice" / Falsetto
41
We need more ____ to raise pitch.
Pressure
42
What is Optimal Pitch? | 3
Where your voice pitch should be 1/4 octave above lowest frequency 1/3 of the way up your range
43
What is Optimal Pitch based on?
Frequencies of throat clearing or coughing
44
What is Habitual Pitch?
The pitch you normally speak at Can be abnormally high or low
45
Can psychological factors affect pitch?
Yes
46
Sound pressure level relates primarily to ______ and the _______.
Subglottal pressure Duration of the phrase
47
The _____ the vocal folds are held together the _____ it is to be loud.
Longer Easier
48
Loudness is a _______ Correlate. What does this mean?
Psychophysical You can experience it
49
What three things changes glottal tone intensity?
Subglottal pressure Duration of the phrase Medial Compression
50
Loud speech needs a longer ____ phase.
Closed
51
When the vocal folds are stretched/lengthened, there is increased ________
Longitudinal tension
52
If vocal fold stretching is opposed by the Thryoarytenoid without affect length, what happens? What do we call this?
Maximum tension Opposed contraction of the muscle
53
What happens when the Cricothyroid and Thyroarytenoid are activated simultaneously?
Both loudness and pitch can increase
54
Does amplitude stay consistent in conversational speech?
No
55
What are some different Vocal Qualities?
Harshness Breathiness Stidentness Roughness Lightness Smoothness Clearness Hoarseness
56
What causes changes in Vocal Quality?
Longitudinal tension Mass per unit length Medial Compression Subglottal pressure Symmetry of the vocal folds
57
What is the the more important cause of vocal quality?
Symmetry of the vocal folds
58
Can we measure vocal quality by machine?
No
59
The vocal fold layers begin at the _____ and taper off as they reach the wall of the _____.
Cricoid cartilage Ventricule
60
What is a lesion that can decrease body stiffness relative to the cover?
Flaccid paralysis
61
What is two lesions that can increase vocal fold body stiffness?
Spastic paralysis Spasmodic dysphonia
62
What are four legions that can affect the vocal fold cover?
Nodules Polyps Papilloma Reinke's Edema

Speech Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions