Module 1 Exam Flashcards
EMT training is regulated and governed by the ________.
Department of Transportation
Although the specific training and licensure requirements vary from state to state, almost every state’s requirements follow or exceed the guidelines recommended in the current __________________ EMS Education Standards.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
You can give certain medications as an EMT. Who gives you the authority to do so?
The medical director gives you that authority via standing orders are offline medical direction.
Who are Emergency Medical Responders, and why are they important?
Fire Fighters, because they are readily available.
Who is in charge of your career progression, demographics, paperwork, and payroll?
Human Resources
Be aware of where your authorization comes from to perform Emergency Medical Care.
Local Medical Director. Dr. Nakamoto
Physician instructions given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/in-direct), as authorized by the medical director of the service program is known as __________.
medical control
The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field is the _________.
medical director
The ______________ is a document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers.
“National EMS Scope of Practice Model”
How do we treat a patient with Tuberculosis experiencing difficulty breathing?
Give them a non-rebreather mask with adequate volume of oxygen 8-12 liters a minute. You could also use a nasal cannula and place a surgical mask over the nasal cannula. Make sure I have the necessary PPE to protect myself.
Infectious Control Plans are in place to protect the ______________.
Healthcare worker (Fire/EMS)
What are the 7 steps designated to establishing an “Infection Control Routine?”
a. En route to the scene, make sure that PPE is out and available.
b. On arrival, identify and address safety hazards, then perform a rapid scan of the patient, noting whether any blood or body fluids are present.
c. Select the proper PPE according to the tasks you are likely to perform. Typically, gloves and protective eyewear will be used for all patient contacts. A disposable gown, and masks are often required during epidemic or pandemic situations, and the type of mask will depend on the transmission mode of the relevant pathogen.
d. Change gloves or remove the topmost layer of gloves if wearing multiple layers of gloves.
e. Wash hands or at the very least use hand sanitizer between patients; don PPE as quickly as possible to minimize time spent before initiating care. Remove gloves and other gear after contact with the patient, unless you are in the patient compartment. Remember that good hand hygiene is always necessary.
f. Limit the number of people who are involved in patient care if there are multiple injuries and a substantial amount of blood at the scene.
g. If you or your partner is exposed while providing care, try to relieve one another as soon as possible so that you can seek care, including basic first aid care such as cleaning and dressing a wound. Notify the designated officer and report the incident. This will also help to maintain confidentiality for both the patient and for you.
What steps are the 3 steps included in “Determination of Exposure Risk” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Determines who is at risk for ongoing contact with blood and other body fluids.
b. Creates a list of tasks that pose a risk for contact with blood or other body fluids.
c. Includes PPE required by OSHA.
What are the 3 steps are included in “Education and Training” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Explains why a qualified individual is required to answer questions about communicable diseases and infection control, rather than relying on packaged training materials.
b. Allows for an instructor able to train EMTs regarding bloodborne and airborne pathogens, such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, syphilis, and tuberculosis.
c. Ensures the instructor provides appropriate education, which is the best means for dispelling many myths surrounding these issues.
What steps are the 3 steps listed in the “Personal Protective Equipment” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Lists the PPE offered and why it was selected.
b. Lists how much equipment is available and where to obtain additional PPE.
c. States when each type of PPE is to be used for each risk procedure.
What are the 3 steps listed in the “Cleaning and Disinfection Practices” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Describes how to care for and maintain vehicles and equipment.
b. Identifies where and when cleaning should be performed, how it is to be done, what PPE to use, and what cleaning solution to use.
c. Addresses medical waste collection, storage, and disposal.
What are the 3 steps listed in the “Tuberculin Skin Testing/Fit Testing” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Addresses how often employees should undergo skin testing.
b. Addresses how often fit testing should be done to determine the proper-size mask to protect the EMT from airborne disease transmission.
c. Addresses all issues dealing with particulate respirator masks.
What are the 2 steps listed in the “Hepatitis B Vaccine Program” portion of the “Infection Control Plan?”
a. Describes the vaccine offered, its safety and efficacy, record keeping, and tracking.
b. Addresses the need for postvaccine antibody titers to identify patients who do not respond to the initial three-dose vaccination series.
Taking yourself out of a fire fighter role, and putting yourself in an EMS role for this next question. On a “very nasty” call that you could not decon the ambulance at the hospital, what would you do?
Take the ambulance back to the “home base” or an approved location and shut the unit down until the ambulance has been thoroughly cleaned and “deconned.”
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health) requires your ________ to make sure that you are protected from Hep C free of charge.
employer
Name some diseases that we currently have vaccines for.
Polio, MMR, Hep A, Hep B
Name some diseases that we do not have vaccines for.
Hep C, HIV
What are some the signs and symptoms of PTSD? What could trigger someone to have an episode of PTSD?
Some of the symptoms include depression, startle reactions, flashback phenomena, and dissociative episodes (eg, amnesia of the event).
As an EMT in an active shooter situation what would be your best protection?
Most dense piece of concealment such as an engine block on the rig. Looking for the biggest, thickest piece to seek cover behind.
When an EMT is approaching a patient what does the EMT need from the patient if they are able to convey it before an EMT can legally provide medical attention to?
Expressed consent
What do we need to do if our patient is someone that is hurt, or sick and could die if they refuse treatment and are alert, conscious and aware of their surroundings that are adamant about not going to the hospital?
We as EMT’s need to thoroughly document the refusal as well as expressing to the patient the possibility of what could happen to them (i.e. death) and the consequences of their refusal for treatment.
What do we as EMT’s need to do in aspects of CYA (cover your ass) in dealing with a patient whom has decision making capacity and refuses transport?
Thoroughly documenting their refusal. If it is not properly documented then it did not happen.
Where do we normally find a document that states the identification of an organ donor?
Driver’s license.
We as EMTs are not allowed to share patient information unless the patient signs a _______.
release form
On our documentation for a call what would be considered to not be protected health information?
You cannot give out their name. Vital signs, but you cannot release what the vital signs were; you can say what you responded to but not what you actually found.
When dropping off a patient to the ER who are the only people we are legally allowed to hand our patient over to?
We are legally allowed to only hand our patient off to a physician that has equal or higher level of training in the EMS field such as an Advanced EMT, Paramedic, or Nurse.
When you are online or on a radio and given a directive what should you do for verification?
Repeat the directive word for word.
When calling in to the ER, what the first 3 things that need to be relayed to the ER for a PCR (Patient Care Report)?
Age, gender, and chief complaint
