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EMT FF Class > EMT final > Flashcards

EMT final Flashcards

1
Q

What was the certification for the EMT process designed to do?

A

To make sure all EMTs are trained to a standardized level.

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2
Q

Is it possible to develop an illness from germs that lie dormant from an initial infection in a person that is partially immune?

A

Yes

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3
Q

If we go to a medical call where a patient did not call 9-1-1, but he does appear to be having some kind of emergency, but he doesn’t want to be treated or transported; what do we do?

A

Explain to the best of our ability the seriousness of the situation and what the possible consequences could be if he refuses treatment. We also need to thoroughly document his refusal of care/transport.

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4
Q

Is a PCR considered to be confidential?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Explain supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Rapid heart rate and originates above the ventricle.

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6
Q

What is the difference between ventilation, and respiration?

A

Ventilation is the mechanical act of air moving in and out, respiration is the actual exchange of gases at the cellular level.

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7
Q

Why is it harder for the heart to move blood with age?

A

Arteries and veins get stiffer and lose their elasticity.

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8
Q

What is the most common airway obstruction?

A

The tongue.

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9
Q

If the cap refill on infants and children is greater than 2 seconds we can note that there is:

A

Poor circulation to the skin also known as peripheral profusion

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10
Q

Once we have established that an adult patient is unresponsive, what do we need to do next?

A

Assess the patient to see if the patient is breathing or has a pulse.

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11
Q

Elderly female that has respiratory distress, CHF, and has not been taking her prescribed medications. She has labored breathing, appears tired, and is cyanotic around the lips, what should we do?

A

Assist her ventilations.

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12
Q

During transport, you have an elderly female with severe chest pain and becomes unresponsive and apneic. What should we do?

A

Pull over and begin CPR.

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13
Q

Swelling, or enlargement of a weakened arterial wall is signs of:

A

Aneurysm

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14
Q

Is Gastroenteritis infectious, or non-infectious?

A

Infectious

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15
Q

What is a sign or symptom of Gastroenteritis?

A

Diarrhea

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16
Q

Can we correct hyperglycemia in the field?

A

No

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17
Q

We have a patient that was stung by a honey-bee, we are presented with anaphylactic signs, we administered his auto-injector, and his signs/symptoms have improved, what should we do after administering his auto-injector?

A

Record time and dose, then provide rapid transport.

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18
Q

Why is it important to get the weight of a patient that has ingested a toxic substance?

A

So we know how much activated charcoal we should give our patient.

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19
Q

What is the correct ratio of activated charcoal we must use on an adult patient?

A

1 gram per 1 kilogram

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20
Q

What is the correct ratio of activated charcoal we can give a child?

A

.5 grams per 1 kilogram

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21
Q

We are dispatched to a call where there is a depressed woman that has locked herself in the bathroom. Her husband tells us that there is a gun in there with her. What do we do?

A

Retreat to a safe area, and call for Law Enforcement.

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22
Q

What is a functioning behavior disorder?

A

Schizophrenia, these are disorders that appear that there is nothing wrong with our patient by appearance alone and that there is an underlying disorder.

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23
Q

How should we document our PCR (Patient Care Report) when we are on call with a female patient that was sexually assaulted?

A

We should only document factual items, not how we perceive them, the patient, or abuser. These reports need to be factual and objective.

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24
Q

What are some potentially life-threatening consequences of PID?

A

Ovarian abscess, and ectopic pregnancy

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25
Q

What is considered as a primary blast injury?

A

The blast wave hits the patient damaging hollow organs.

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26
Q

What is considered as a secondary blast injury?

A

Debris that was caused from a blast that strikes a patient.

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27
Q

What is considered as a tertiary blast injury?

A

Cave-ins such as the patient’s head gets caved-in, or collapses due to being thrown from the blast.

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28
Q

What is considered as a quaternary blast injury?

A

These would be burns.

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29
Q

You are dispatched to respond to a residence where there is a depressed wife that has locked in a room and the husband notifies you that there is a gun in the room where the depressed wife has locked herself in. What should your next step be in this scenario?

A

Retreat to a safe distance, and notify dispatch to send law enforcement to make the scene safe.

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30
Q

Front impact collision, the patient hit their chest on the steering wheel. Would you suspect a head injury?

A

No, but there is a high probability that this patient could have injuries to the chest due to mechanism of injury.

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31
Q

Why is external bleeding from a vein easier to control?

A

They have less pressure and are not as deep as arteries which means veins are more accessible.

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32
Q

An effective team leader should do what?

A

Help the team / group accomplish the overall objective.

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33
Q

What does the “rule of palms” refer to?

A

The rule of palms suggests that an area that covers the area of a palm is 1% of surface area on the body.

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34
Q

What should we do if we have a patient that was impaled by a kickstand on a bicycle, how would we transport them?

A

Unbolt the kickstand from the bicycle, secure the kickstand, and transport the patient.

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35
Q

If we have a patient that has an injury in the eye due to debris?

A

Cover the eyes with no direct pressure to the eyes and transport the patient. Something that is conical in shape would be good.

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36
Q

If you experience a severe spinal injury, you might lose feeling where?

A

Below the waist.

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37
Q

Typical signs of a skull fracture would typically display what?

A

Battle signs, raccoon eyes, deformities on the skull, fluids coming out of the ears.

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38
Q

What is taking place with “Subacute Emphysema”?

A

A tear in the skin where air is escaping the lungs because a wall has been compromised.

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39
Q

What is “Hemoptysis”?

A

Coughing up blood.

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40
Q

What is it called when someone is coughing up blood?

A

Hemoptysis

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41
Q

Male patient was assaulted and kicked in the abdomen, you find him lying on his side with his knees up, alert and conscious. His pain and nausea increases when he tries to straighten his legs. His blood pressure, and heart rate are stable. His respirations are strong but stable. We administer high-flow O2. How do we transport the patient?

A

We transport the patient in a position of comfort.

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42
Q

Does the absence of abdominal pain rule out inner abdominal bleeding?

A

No

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43
Q

Motorcyclist was thrown over his handle bars, his helmet was removed prior to our arrival. He is conscious, restless, and has closed deformities on both of his femurs. His skin is pale, heartbeat is rapid, and his respirations are weak and rapid. How do we transport this patient?

A

Splint his legs to the long spine-board, keep him warm, give him high-flow O2, and provide rapid transport.

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44
Q

Disruption of joint and bone is known as:

A

Dislocation

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45
Q

You pull someone out of the cold water and they were completely submerged. You don’t know how long they have been submerged. Patient assessment reveals that the patient is apneic with a slow weak pulse. We should:

A

Carefully handle the patient, remove his wet clothes, get him secure to a long spine board, provide rapid transport.

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46
Q

What could happen if we are not carefully handling a severely hypothermic patient?

A

If we are not careful we could stop the patient’s heart through ventricular ventilation.

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47
Q

After a baby is born, it is important to do what?

A

Keep the baby warm and dry.

48
Q

You are assessing a 25-year-old woman who is 39 weeks pregnant. She is experiencing regular contractions that are 3 minutes apart. She informs you that her amniotic sac had ruptured 2 hours ago. After taking special precautions, you should:

A

Assess for crowning.

49
Q

The most ominous sign of impending Cardio Pulmonary Arrest in infants and children is:

A

Bradycardia

50
Q

What does “PAT” stand for?

A

Pediatric Assessment Triangle

51
Q

What are the three categories that “PAT” address?

A

Appearance, work of Breathing, Circulation

52
Q

What is the sole purpose of “PAT”?

A

To get a general impression of a pediatric patient without physically touching them and assessing them from a distance.

53
Q

Is decrease “LOC” a normal sign of the aging process?

A

No

54
Q

Do older patients have a difficult time understanding when they are stressed?

A

Yes

55
Q

About 40% of Down Syndrome patients have what?

A

Problems with their heart.

56
Q

If you can only have two pieces of equipment that should be part of your “jump kit” should be:

A

AED, and suction

57
Q

Typical function of a “Rescue Team” is what:

A

Provide safe entry and gain access to the patients.

58
Q

In triaging an MVC, a young male is unresponsive and not breathing; you open his airway and he begins breathing at a rapid rate. What color do you tag him with?

A

Red

59
Q

In triaging an MVC, a young male is unresponsive and not breathing; you open his airway and he begins breathing at a rapid rate. How should we transport the patient?

A

On his left side in the left lateral recovery position.

60
Q

In triaging an MVC, a young male is unresponsive and not breathing; you open his airway and he begins breathing at a rapid rate. He has been tagged “red” and he is being transported on his left side (recovery position). Can we move onto the next patient? Why?

A

Yes, because this is a triage situation, we are here to categorize our patient.

61
Q

Could “dirty bombs” injure patients with radioactive and explosive materials?

A

Yes

62
Q

Can the EMT’s “Scope of Practice” be expanded by the Medical Director if properly trained and approved by the state?

A

Yes

63
Q

Patient in cardiac arrest and does not have a “Living Will”, or “DNR” could be found. What should you do as the EMT?

A

Begin CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation).

64
Q

What is your best protection against legal liability for a patient that can make a decision and refuses EMS care, and transport to the hospital?

A

Thoroughly documentation.

65
Q

We have a patient that is displaying anxious behavior. What would be a good way to get our patient to calm down?

A

Maintaining eye contact

66
Q

Enlargement of the liver is called:

A

Hepatomegaly

67
Q

List the 5 sections of the human spine in descending order, and how many vertebras are in each section.

A 
Cervical – 7
Thoracic – 12
Lumbar – 5
Sacral – 5
Coccyx – 4
68
Q

Do we control over “smooth” muscle?

A

No

69
Q

When assessing for shock in an 80-year-old patient, do you think that they will be less able to compensate for decreased diffusion?

A

Yes

70
Q

The “shoulder girdle” is aligned over the pelvis during lifting and the weight is exerted straight down to the:

A

Axial Skeleton Vertebrae

71
Q

We can usually control external bleeding by what?

A

Direct Pressure

72
Q

A semi-conscious elderly male following a severe headache, has vomitus on his face, respirations are slow and shallow, pain is medially, what is most likely hindering his breathing?

A

Possible obstruction of the airway.

73
Q

Which medication route as the slowest of consumption?

A

Ingestion

74
Q

Which medication route has the fastest rate of consumption?

A

Intravenously

75
Q

Critical sign that is unique in Anaphylactic shock is?

A

Urticaria (hives)

76
Q

When do we stop once we are performing abdominal thrusts on a patient?

A

Until they become unconscious.

77
Q

How is Hepatitis “A” transmitted?

A

It can be transmitted through an open acute infection.

78
Q

You have a patient that is experiencing chest discomfort, nausea, stable blood pressure, pulse is a little high, and his respirations are stable. We give him high-flow O2, before assisting the patient with his Nitro, we need to ask if:

A

He has been taking ED (erectile disfunction) medications, when was his last oral intake and how much.

79
Q

Why does the left ventricle have the largest walls?

A

Because the left ventricle needs more pressure to pump blood out from the heart and into the extremities.

80
Q

What type of circulation is used for pumping the blood out through the rest of the body?

A

Systemic circulation

81
Q

Prompt transport of a suspected AMI is needed because:

A

Thrombolytic therapy is needed and can only be done in a hospital setting.

82
Q

What is an “Absence Seizure” also known as?

A

Petit Mal Seizures

83
Q

What are “Petit Mal Seizures” also known as?

A

Absence Seizures

84
Q

What are “Grand Mal Seizures” also known as?

A

Tonic-clonic seizures

85
Q

What are Tonic-clonic seizures also know as?

A

Grand-mal seizures

86
Q

Upon assessing a 49-year-old man who was complaining about a sudden severe headache and then passed out. He is unresponsive, has short and shallow irregular breathing, blood pressure is elevated, pulse rate has decreased a little, he also has a history hypertension and diabetes. What is likely the cause?

A

Aneurysm

87
Q

Is bleeding inside the GI tract a sign or symptom of another disease?

A

Yes, the bleeding itself isn’t a disease but whatever is causing the bleeding could be a sign or symptom of something else.

88
Q

What is polyuria?

A

Uncontrollable urination

89
Q

Why is polyuria a sign or symptom of diabetics?

A

They are excreting excess blood glucose.

90
Q

Is drying of the eyes a sign or symptom of an allergic reaction?

A

No

91
Q

As a generalized rash that might have been caused by a new antibiotic, and has a history of coronary artery disease, hypotension, emphysema. He is conscious and alert, blood pressure isn’t horrible, pulse is normal, breath sounds are scattered wheezing, he is now experiencing respiratory distress. What do we do?

A

Give him oxygen if needed, transport, and monitor him for any changes.

92
Q

Primary responsibility of an EMT who has a patient of a suspected poisoning is to:

A

1st – recognize that there is a possibility of a poisoning

93
Q

A sixty-six-year-old presents with bizarre behavior. Daughter claims that he did not recognize her and is acting rude. Patient is conscious, patent airway, and adequate breathing. What should we ask that daughter?

A

Ask her how does he act when he is “normal”

94
Q

We have a schizophrenic patient, law enforcement is there on scene, the patient is violent, and he is handcuffs. You begin your assessment and he begins to tell you that killing someone will help is abdominal pain go away. His vital signs are normal. How do we manage this situation?

A

Have the Law Enforcement officer ride in on the ambulance.

95
Q

He is painful urination a common sign or symptom of Gonorrhea?

A

Yes

96
Q

A 6-year-old is riding in the front seat of a vehicle that was in a motor vehicle crash. They were only wearing lap-belts, the airbags have been deployed. Should we expect to see facial and neck injuries?

A

Yes

97
Q

Two common mechanisms for blunt force trauma are:

A

Falls and MVCs

98
Q

We are assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding going on. One of our most significant finds would be:

A

Our patient takes Xarelto (a blood thinner medication).

99
Q

During a wound healing process bleeding might occur from even a minor injury because:

A

New capillaries are not as stable and are delicate.

100
Q

Male has an incomplete avulsion going down is right arm and to control any bleeding you should:

A

Place the avulsion back in it’s correct place then bandage it with a dry sterile gauze or bandage while in its correct place.

101
Q

What do the meninges as well as the CSF (Cerebrolspinal Fluid) circulate between each meningeal layer function by in accordance with the brain and spinal fluid?

A

They act as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal column.

102
Q

Regarding secondary brain injury, what are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury?

A

Hypoxia, and Hypotension

103
Q

Stab wound in the left anterior side, decreased level of consciousness, what would be a good sign to look for that could determine if this patient was experiencing Cardia Tamponade.

A

JVD, narrowing pulse pressure, engouraged jugular veins

104
Q

Dispatched to a female that was kicked in the abdomen. What needs to take place before we arrive on scene?

A

Have dispatch get ahold of law enforcement and verify that the scene is safe.

105
Q

Long transport time we have a deformity to the elbow and we can’t a radial pulse. What should we do?

A

Applying gentle mangle inline.

106
Q

Would expect to see increased muscle activity in a patient with a core body temperature between 89 and 92 degrees?

A

No, it would be decreased.

107
Q

Why are patients that generally hypothermia are at greater risk for a local cold injury?

A

Because the blood will be shunted away from the extremities to keep the core warm.

108
Q

What is a normal physiological change that occurs in the mother’s respiratory system during pregnancy?

A

Increased respiratoy rate, decreased rate in the respiratory reserve.

109
Q

What is the drawing in of muscles between the ribs and sternum during inspiration called?

A

Retraction

110
Q

Geriatric patients with traumatic injury we want to remember that the traumatic injury might have been caused by

A

Preceded by a medical condition.

111
Q

Are older patients more prone to experience hypotension when standing up than younger adults?

A

Yes

112
Q

Why are older patients more prone to experience hypotension than younger adults?

A

They can’t react to the postiol change as easily in younger adults.

113
Q

Medical oxygen cylinders should have a minimum of how many liters?

A

Minimum capacity of 500 liters.

114
Q

We are on the scene of motor vehicle accident. Right away we have 3 victims. Two of the patients were ejected, and a third victim is entrapped.

A

Call for additional resources

115
Q

What accurately describes an MCI (Multiple Casualty Incident)?

A

Any event that could tax the system.

116
Q

How does a terrorist spread a particular agent?

A

Through dissemination

EMT FF Class (71 decks)

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