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EMT FF Class > Biloxi EMT CH 26 Bleeding > Flashcards

Biloxi EMT CH 26 Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

The function of the blood is to __________ all of the body’s cells and tissues.

a. remove oxygen from
b. deliver nutrients to
c. carry waste products to
d. hydrate

A

b. deliver nutrients to

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2
Q

The cardiovascular system consists of all of the following EXCEPT:

a. a pump
b. a container
c. fluid
d. a battery

A

d. a battery

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3
Q

Blood leaves each chamber of a normal heart through a(n):

a. vein
b. artery
c. one-way valve
d. capillary

A

c. one-way valve

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4
Q

Blood enters the right atrium from the:

a. coronary arteries
b. lungs
c. vena cava
d. coronary veins

A

c. vena cava

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5
Q

Blood enters the left atrium from the:

a. coronary arteries
b. pulmonary veins
c. vena cava
d. coronary veins

A

b. pulmonary veins

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the formation of blood clots?

a. Pumping function of the heart
b. Blood stasis
c. Ability of blood to clot
d. Changes to the walls of blood vessels

A

a. Pumping function of the heart

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7
Q

The __________ link(s) the arterioles and the venules.

a. aorta
b. capillaries
c. vena cava
d. valves

A

b. capillaries

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8
Q

_________ are the key to the formation of blood clots.

a. Capillaries
b. White blood cells
c. Red blood cells
d. Platelets

A

d. Platelets

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9
Q

Blood contains all of the following EXCEPT:

a. white blood cells
b. plasma
c. cerebrospinal fluid
d. platelets

A

c. cerebrospinal fluid

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10
Q

__________ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal.

a. Anatomy
b. Perfusion
c. Physiology
d. Conduction

A

b. Perfusion

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11
Q

The ___________ only require(s) a minimal blood supply when at rest.

a. brain
b. kidneys
c. skeletal muscles
d. heart

A

c. skeletal muscles

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12
Q

What part of the human body helps the cardiovascular system adapt to changes in order to maintain homeostasis?

a. Respiratory system
b. Central nervous system
c. Autonomic nervous system
d. Musculoskeletal system

A

c. Autonomic nervous system

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13
Q

_________ is inadequate tissue perfusion.

a. Shock
b. Hyperperfusion
c. Hypertension
d. Contraction

A

a. Shock

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14
Q

The brain and spinal cord usually cannot go for more than __________ minutes without perfusion, or the nerve cells will be permanently damaged.

a. 30 to 45
b. 12 to 20
c. 8 to 10
d. 4 to 6

A

d. 4 to 6

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15
Q

Keeping the patient _________ is an important aspect of bleeding and trauma management.

a. warm
b. cold
c. hypotensive
d. hypertensive

A

a. warm

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16
Q

The body will not tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than __________ of blood volume.

a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 30%
d. 40%

A

b. 20%

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17
Q

If the typical adult loses more than 1 L of blood, significant changes in vital signs, such as ____________, will occur.

a. decreased heart rate
b. increased respiratory rate
c. increased blood pressure
d. improved capillary refill time

A

b. increased respiratory rate

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18
Q

__________ shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion or death.

a. Hypovolemic
b. Metabolic
c. Septic
d. Psychogenic

A

a. Hypovolemic

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19
Q

Life-threatening external bleeding demands your immediate attention, even before the _________ has been managed.

a. fracture
b. extrication
c. airway
d. scene

A

c. airway

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20
Q

The process of blood clotting and plugging the hole is called:

a. conglomeration
b. configuration
c. coagulation
d. coalition

A

c. coagulation

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21
Q

Which of the following inhibits the body’s ability to control bleeding?

a. Medications that interfere with normal clotting
b. Wounds that are extremely small in size
c. Increased constriction of the blood vessels
d. Shifting of blood to protect organs

A

a. Medications that interfere with normal clotting

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22
Q

A lack of one or more of the blood’s clotting factors is called:

a. a deficiency
b. hemophilia
c. platelet anomaly
d. anemia

A

b. hemophilia

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23
Q

You respond to a 25-year-old man who has cut his arm with a circular saw. The bleeding appears to be bright red and spurting. The patient is alert and oriented and converses with you freely. He appears to be stable at this point. What is your first step in controlling his bleeding?

a. Direct pressure
b. Maintaining the airway
c. Standard precautions
d. Elevation

A

c. Standard precautions

24
Q

When applying a bandage to hold a dressing in place, stretch the bandage tight enough to control the bleeding. You should still be able to _________ after the bandage is secure.

a. palpate a distal pulse
b. see bleeding through the dressing
c. examine the wound
d. remove the dressing

A

a. palpate a distal pulse

25
Q

If bleeding continues after applying a pressure dressing, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:

a. remove the dressing and apply another sterile dressing
b. apply manual pressure through the dressing
c. add more gauze pads over the first dressing
d. secure both dressings tighter with a roller bandage

A

a. remove the dressing and apply another sterile dressing

26
Q

When using an air splint to control bleeding in a fractured extremity, you should reassess the _________ frequently.

a. airway
b. breathing
c. circulation in the injured extremity
d. fracture site

A

c. circulation in the injured extremity

27
Q

When treating a patient with signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock and no outward signs of bleeding, always consider the possibility of bleeding into the:

a. thoracic cavity
b. abdomen
c. skull
d. chest

A

b. abdomen

28
Q

Which of the following is NOT a cause of nontraumatic internal bleeding?

a. Ulcer
b. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
c. Aneurysm
d. Laceration

A

d. Laceration

29
Q

The most common symptom of internal abdominal bleeding is:

a. bruising around the abdomen
b. distention of the abdomen
c. rigidity of the abdomen
d. acute abdominal pain

A

d. acute abdominal pain

30
Q

Signs and symptoms of internal bleeding in both trauma and medical patients include:

a. hematemesis
b. abrasions
c. lacerations
d. avulsions

A

a. hematemesis

31
Q

The first sign of hypovolemic shock is a change in:

a. respirations
b. heart rate
c. mental status
d. blood pressure

A

c. mental status

32
Q

True/False

Venous blood tends to spurt and is difficult to control.

A

False

33
Q

True/False

The human body is tolerant of blood losses of greater than 20% of blood volume.

A

False

34
Q

True/False

The first step in controlling external bleeding is applying pressure to the proximal artery.

A

False

35
Q

True/False

The first step in preparing to treat a bleeding patient is standard precautions.

A

True

36
Q

True/False

A properly applied tourniquet should be loosened by the EMT every 10 minutes.

A

False

37
Q

True/False

You should only loosen a tourniquet if instructed to do so by medical control.

A

True

38
Q

True/False

If a wound continues to bleed after it is bandaged, you should remove the bandage and start over again.

A

False

39
Q

True/False

A tourniquet is always required for massive, spurting blood loss.

A

False

40
Q

True/False

You should provide high-flow oxygen whenever you suspect internal bleeding and signs of shock are present.

A

True

41
Q

Fill in the blank.

The _________ side of the heart circulates blood from the body to the lungs.

A

right

42
Q

Fill in the blank.

________ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal.

A

Perfusion

43
Q

Fill in the blank

A(n) __________ is also called a contusion.

A

bruise

44
Q

Fill in the blank.

____________ bleeding is any bleeding in a cavity or space inside the body.

A

Internal

45
Q

Fill in the blank.

A systolic blood pressure of less than __________ mm Hg with a weak, rapid pulse suggests the presence of hypoperfusion in a patient who may have significant bleeding.

A

100

46
Q

Fill in the blank.

___________ is vomited blood.

A

Hematemesis

47
Q

Fill in the blank.

___________ blood is dark red and oozes from a wound steadily but slowly.

A

Capillary

48
Q

Fill in the blank.

The __________ __________ system monitors the body’s needs from moment to moment and adjusts blood flow by changing the vascular tone, as needed.

A

Autonomic nervous

49
Q

Fill in the blank.

__________ are small tubes that are about the same diameter as a single red blood cell.

A

Capillaries

50
Q

Fill in the blank.

All organs depend on the _________ to provide a rich blood supply.

A

heart

51
Q

You and your partner respond to a patient who has had his hand nearly severed by a drill press. As you approach, you note that the patient is pale, and there appears to be a lot of blood on the floor. The wound continues to bleed copiously. After applying a tourniquet, you write _________ on a piece of adhesive tape and apply it to the patient’s forehead.

a. the patient’s name
b. your last name
c. the exact time applied
d. estimated amount of blood loss

A

c. the exact time applied

52
Q

You and your partner respond to a patient who has had his hand nearly severed by a drill press. As you approach, you note that the patient is pale, and there appears to be a lot of blood on the floor. The wound continues to bleed copiously. After applying a tourniquet, you write _________ on a piece of adhesive tape and apply it to the patient’s forehead.

When applying the tourniquet, you must be sure to:

a. use the narrowest bandage possible to minimize the area restricted
b. cover the tourniquet with a bandage
c. never pad underneath the tourniquet
d. not loosen the tourniquet after you have applied it

A

d. not loosen the tourniquet after you have applied it

53
Q

You are called to a playground for an 8-year-old girl who has a nosebleed. The child is crying and will not talk to you. The babysitter and other children present did not witness any trauma, but there is a bump on the temporal portion of the girl’s head. The babysitter does state that the girl has had a cold for several days but can give you no further information on her medical history. What could NOT be the possible cause of the bleeding?

a. A skull fracture
b. Sinusitis
c. Coagulation disorder
d. A temper tantrum

A

d. A temper tantrum

54
Q

You respond to a 33-year-old man who was hit in the ear by a line drive during a softball game. He is complaining of a severe headache, ringing in his ears, and dizziness. He has blood draining from his ear. Why would you NOT apply pressure to control bleeding?

a. It should be collected to be reinfused at the hospital.
b. It could collect within the head and increase the pressure on the brain.
c. It is contaminated.
d. You could fracture the skull with the pressure needed to staunch the flow of blood.

A

b. It could collect within the head and increase the pressure on the brain.

55
Q

You are dispatched to a store in the downtown mall for an arm injury. When you arrive, you are directed to a small stockroom where you find a teenage girl holding a blood-soaked cloth tightly on her left forearm. You notice blood droplets high up the wall and on the floor several feet from where she is sitting, “I was opening a shipment with a box cutter,” she says, her skin noticeably pale. “And it slipped and cut my arm. The blood spurted everywhere.” What type of bleeding should you anticipate?

a. You should suspect heavy venous bleeding.
b. She most likely has arterial bleeding.
c. Internal bleeding is probably causing her skin to appear pale.
d. Very sharp blades usually only cause capillary bleeding.

A

b. She most likely has arterial bleeding.

EMT FF Class (71 decks)

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