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WBC ABNORMALITIES Flashcards

1
Q

what are the included abnormalities in wbc morphology (nuclear abnormalities)

A

Pelger-Huet Anomaly
Hypersegmented Neutrophils
Barr Body

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2
Q
  • Indicates failure of neutrophil to segment properly
  • bi lobed nucleus
  • chromatin is coarsely clumped
  • inherited or acquired (leukemia)
  • heterozygous character: numerous bi-lobed (dumbell shape)
  • homozygous character: round neutrophil
A

Pelger-Huet anomaly

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3
Q
  • neutrophils with six or more lobed nucleus
  • represent an abnormality in maturation of neutrophil
  • acquired (megalobalastic erythropoiesis)
  • inherited (undritz anomaly)
A

hypersegmented neutrophils

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4
Q

hypersegmented neutrophils is found in

A

pernicous anemia, folic acid deficiency and chronic infections

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5
Q
  • sex chromatin
  • represent the second X chromosome in females (2-3% of neutrophils in females)
  • small, wedd-defined, round projection of nuclear chromatin
  • these cells are not found in normal males.
A

Barr Body

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6
Q

What are included in abnormalities in granules

A

Toxic Granulation
Alder-Relly Anomay
Chediak-Higashi Syndrom (autosomal recessive disorder)

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7
Q
  • Dark blue black cytoplasmic granules in neutrophil
  • Thought as primary granules
  • Show incomplete alkaline phosphatase activity
A

toxic granulation

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8
Q

toxic granulation is found in

A

acute infections, drug poisoning and burns.

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9
Q
  • heavy, coarse blue black granules of BEN and sometimes lymphocytes and monocytes
  • inherited condition
  • associated with hurler’s syndrome and hunter’s syndrome
A

Alder-Reilly Anomaly

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10
Q
  • autosomal recessive disorder.
  • rare, fatal disorder found in children.
  • inherited as an autosomal recessive char
  • contain very large, reddish-purple, or greenish-gray staining granules in the cytoplasm of granulocytes.
  • in monocytes and lymphocytes, stain bluish-purple.
  • these granules represent abnormal lysosomes.
A

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME

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11
Q

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME IS FOUND IN

A

anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.

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12
Q

ABNORMAL GRANULOCYTE MORPHOLOGY (ACQUIRED)

A
  • toxic granulation, cytoplasmic vacuole
  • dohle bodies (amato bodies)
  • azurophilic granules
  • hypersegmentation
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13
Q

WBC DISEASES

A

Leukopenia
Leukemias
Mononucleosis

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14
Q

abnormally low WBC count – drug induced.

A

Leukopenia

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15
Q

cancerous condition involving WBCs; named according to the abnormal WBC clone involved.

A

Leukemia

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16
Q

highly contagious viral disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus; excessive number of agranulocytes; fatigue, sore throat, recover in a few weeks.

A

Mononucleosis

17
Q

other abnormalities

A

smudge or basket cells
jordan’s anomaly
twinning deformity
auer rod

18
Q

squash-degenerated nucleus of WBCs.

A

Smudge or Basket Cells

19
Q

fat-containing vacuoles in WBC cytoplasm, ichthyosis.

A

Jordan’s Anomaly

20
Q

road-like structure seen in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts, diagnostic for acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML).

A

Auer Rod

21
Q

eosinophilia measures

A

> 0.7 x 10^9/L

22
Q

WBC disorder that includes
- allergic disorders (asthma)
- parasitic infections (nematodes)
- skin disease (eczema)
- hodgkin’s disease
- scarlet fever
- pernicious anemia

A

Eosinophilia

23
Q

derived from a single precursor cell with all the affected cells (progeny) showing features of deviation from the precursor cell.

A

Clonal (neoplastic) disorders of WBC

24
Q

Clonal (neoplastic) disorders of WBC includes

A
  • Myeloproliferative disorders.
  • Lymphoproliferative disorders.
  • Immunoproliferative disorders.
25
Q

ABNORMAL GRANULOCYTE MORPHOLOGY (INHERITED)

A

Alder-Reilly Anomaly
May-Hegglin Anomaly
Pelger-Huet Anomaly

26
Q

dense azurophilic granules, mucopolysaccharidoses.

A

Alder-Reilly Anomaly

27
Q

giant platelets, dohle-bodies like inclusions seen even in monocytes.

A

May-Hegglin Anomaly

28
Q

failure of normal segmentation of nucleus, bi-lobed nucleus, or stab forms only, “prince-nez nucleus”

A

Pelger-Huet Anomaly

29
Q
  • degeneration of cytoplasm begins to acquire holes or as a result of active phagocytosis.
  • may reflect increased lysosomal activity
A

Vacuolated Neutrophil

30
Q

Vacuolated Neutrophil is found in

A

septicemia, severe infection.

31
Q
  • result from condensing of nuclear chromatin into a solid structure mass with no pattern.
  • not counted in differential cell count.
A

Degenerated Neutrophil w/ Pyknotic Nucleus

32
Q
  • can be seen occasionally in normal peripheral blood smear.
  • larger than normal neutrophils and generally hyper-lobulated.
  • found in frequency of 1 in every 20,000 neutrophils but increase in disease states.
A

Giant Neutrophils

33
Q

Disintegrating nucleus of ruptured WBC.

A

Smudge or Basket Cell

34
Q
  • autosomal dominant trait.
  • m, blue-gray dohle bodies
  • aggregates of mRNA
  • leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, giant platelets.
A

May-Hegglin Anomaly

35
Q
  • large azurophilic granules
  • infections, serious burns, septicemia, drug poisoning.
A

Cytoplasmic Abnormalities: Toxic Granule

mt (54 decks)

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