Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetic Principles and Drug Absorption, Distribution, and Elimination

Question 0

Cp

Answer 0

Plasma concentration of drug

Question 1

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

The study of the liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in the body

Question 2

Css

Answer 2

Plasma concentration of an infused drug at steady state

Question 3

Co

Answer 3

Plasma concentration of a drug extrapolated to time of administration, assuming completed absorption and distribution

Question 4

AUC

Answer 4

Area under the curve of plasma concentration of a drug vs. time

Question 5

F

Answer 5

• Bioavailability

- The fraction of the dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation in an active form

Question 6

S

Answer 6

Fraction of a drug composition that is the active form

Question 7

Bioavailability

Answer 7

area under the curve of drug/area under the curve of drug if infused in vitro

Question 8

Bioequivalent drug preparations

Answer 8

Preparations for which equal doses by same route of administration produce identical AUCs

Question 9

Vd

Answer 9

• Volume of distribution
• The hypothetical volume needed to contain the drug in the body at the concenttration found in plasma after the drug has been distributed throughout the body
• = drug in body/plasma concentration of drug

Question 10

ke

Answer 10

Elimination rate constant

Question 11

Ke for first order kinetics

Answer 11

• Dependent on plasma concentration of drug at concentrations that do not saturate the elimination mechanism
• Has units of time-1

Question 12

Ke for zero order elimination kinetics

Answer 12

• A rate not dependent on plasma concentration of drug
• Requires plasma concentration of drug sufficient to saturate the elimination mechanism
• Units of amount/time

Question 13

Clearance rate for first order elimination kinetics

Answer 13

• The hypothetical volume of fluid cleared of a drug per unit of time
• Clearance rate is independent of plasma drug concentration
• Constant with time

Question 14

Clearance rate for zero order elimination kinetics

Answer 14

• The amount of drug cleared per unit of time

- Clearance rate is independent of plasma drug concentration

Question 15

Tao

Answer 15

Dosing interval

Question 16

RA

Answer 16

• Rate of administration

- Dose x bioavailability x fraction of a drug composition that is in the active form/dosing interval

Question 17

Time to plasma concentration of drug of an infused drug at steady state (Css) with first order ke

Answer 17

5t^1/2

Question 18

Therapeutic index

Answer 18

TD50/ED50

Question 19

TD50

Answer 19

Dose leading to toxic effects in 50% of patients

Question 20

ED50

Answer 20

Dose leading to effective therapy in 50% of patients