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House Microbiology > Bacterial URTI > Flashcards

Bacterial URTI Flashcards

1
Q

URTIs are caused mostly by ______

A

viruses

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2
Q

URTIs are Self-limiting in immunocompetent

T/F

A

T

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3
Q

Bacteria that cause URTI

List 4

A

• S. pyogenes
C diphtheriae
B. pertussis
H. influenzae

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4
Q

Streptococcal URTI

Causes _______ and _____

A

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis

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5
Q

Streptococcal URTI

Sequelae
__________ and __________ about _______ after throat infection

A

Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease

1 – 4 weeks

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6
Q

Pharyngitis

• Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the _______ (Strept throat)
•______________
•______ while swallowing

A

oropharynx

Sore throat

Pain

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7
Q

Tonsillitis
• Fever - 38C • coughing.

• ____ache. • _____ache.
•______ swollen,
•________ lymph nodes

A

head; ear

Tonsils

Inflamed neck

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8
Q

S. pyogenes

______-haemolytic

Colonises the ____,_____,______,_______

Cause ______ and ________

A

Beta

mouth, throat, URT, vaginal tract

pharyngitis and tonsillitis

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9
Q

S. pyogenes

The most important virulence factors are the _______ and ______

Presence of ________

It produces other factors ( ______ and _______ substances)

A

M protein; capsule

Lipotechoic acid

toxins and extra cellular

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10
Q

S. pyogenes

produces other factors (toxins and extra cellular substances)

Eg

____________(_______)
________ ——-toxins
____________

A

Streptolysins (O and S)

Pyrogenic exo

Hyaluronidase

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11
Q

Lab detection of S.Pyogenes

Relevant specimen = ________

Gram stain morphology – Gram _____ (cocci or bacillus?)

A

throat swab

positive

Cocci

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12
Q

Lab detection of S.Pyogenes

Culture media –

______agar

——- agar

_________ agar

A

blood; chocolate; crystal violet blood

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13
Q

Lab detection of S.Pyogenes

Lancefield grouping
•classifies Streptococci based on the ____________ on the cell wall

A

group carbohydrate antigens

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14
Q

Lab detection of S.Pyogenes

Lancefield grouping

Group _____

A

A

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15
Q

Lab detection of S.Pyogenes

Bacitracin

Sensitive or Resistant

A

Sensitive

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16
Q

Bacitracin test

The bacitracin disk sensitivity test is used to differentiate the ________________

A

beta- hemolytic Streptococcus.

17
Q

Bacitracin test

Select a _________________ and heavily inoculate a quadrant of a ________________ plate

An overnight culture is grown on _______ agar incubated _____°C in _____

A

beta-hemolytic colony

5% sheep blood agar

5% sheep blood

35

CO2

18
Q

Infection of the upper respiratory tract usually involves the lungs.

T/F

A

F

Infection of the upper respiratory tract; usually does not involve the lungs.

19
Q

Streptococcus Pharyngitis
Morphology:

grow on solid media as _____ colonies with ___-hemolysis on ______ agar

A

discoid

β; blood

20
Q

Streptococcus Pharyngitis
Morphology:

facultative (aerobe or anaerobe?) and grow best at temperature of ___oc

A

anaerobe

37

21
Q

Streptococcus Pharyngitis

Virulence factors:
____________–AntiPhagocytic

_______-_______ –Attachment
Antiphagocytic

_____ and enzymes

A

Hyaluronic Acid capsule

Pili –M Protein

Toxins

22
Q

Streptococcus Pharyngitis

Virulence factors:
Hyaluronic Acid capsule –_________

Pili –M Protein – ________
Antiphagocytic
Toxins and enzymes

A

AntiPhagocytic

Attachment

23
Q

Toxins and Enzymes of S.pyogenes

Hyaluronidase
•______ hyaluronic acid
• They are _______

Streptokinase
• Transforms _______ to _______
• Digests _____ and allows __________________

A

Splits

antigenic

plasminogen to plasmin

fibrin; bacteria escape from clots

24
Q

Toxins and Enzymes

Deoxyribonucleases:
•_________ DNA (DNAses)
•It ______ _______ and facilitates spread of streptococci

• Haemolysins
•____________
•_______________
• they Both ________________

A

Degrade

Liquefies pus

Streptolysin O; Streptolysin S

lyse RBC membranes

25
Q

Toxins and Enzymes of S.pyogenes

Pyrogenic Exotoxins
•___________Toxins
•Asspociated with ___________________ Syndrome & ___________

A

Erythrogenic

Streptococcal Toxic Shock

Scarlet Fever

26
Q

Pyrogenic Exotoxins of S.pyogenes Act as super antigens.

T/F

A

T

House Microbiology (93 decks)

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