Salmonella , Shigella

Question 1

Salmonella and shigella

Salmonella
Morphology
-Gram _______

bacilli or Cocci

Motile or Non-motile

Answer 1

-Gram negative
bacilli
Motile

Question 2

Antigenic structure

O (_______) antigens
H (_______) antigens
Vi (______)
Over ______ serotypes

Answer 2

somatic

Flagella

Capsular

2000

Question 3

Salmonella

Salmonella typhi – ________ fever

Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A, S. paratyphi B, S. paratyphi Causes _____ fever

S.________ , S. ________

Answer 3

Typhoid

Enteric

typhimurium

cholerasuis

Question 4

Salmonella

Which species causes Typhoid fever

Which species causes enteric fever

Which species causes neither typhoid or enteric

Answer 4

Salmonella typhi

Salmonella typhi
S. paratyphi A
S. paratyphi B
S. paratyphi C

S. typhimurium S. cholerasuis

Question 5

Salmonella

Grow on simple media (T/F)

______ colonies on MacConkey agar

ferments lactose (T/F)

Ferments glucose (T/F)

Produce H2S (T/F)

Answer 5

T

Pale

F(Does not)

T

T

Question 6

Salmonella

Resistant to certain chemicals

__________
____________
______________

Answer 6

Brilliant green, sodium tetrathionate Sodium deoxycholate

Question 7

KIA - _____________
Butt – ______ fermentation
Slant – ______ fermentation
(Presence or Absence?) of gas
__________ production

TSI – ___________
Butt –____________ fermentation
Slant – _______ - fermentation
(Presence or Absence?) of gas
__________ production

Answer 7

Kligler iron agar

glucose; lactose ; Presence ; Hydrogen sulphide

triple sugar iron

glucose, sucrose ; lactose; Presence; Hydrogen Sulphide

Question 8

Sources and resorvours of infection

Infected cases

Carriers - convalescent, (temporary or permanent?)
Animal –_____,_____,_____,_______

Vehicles of infection- ____,________

Mode of transmission-________

Answer 8

Permanent; poultry, pigs, rodents, cattle

water, food

faeco-oral

Question 9

Salmonella Enterocolitis

Commonest manifestation
S._____________
Incubation period __-___ hours

Nausea, headache, vomiting, profuse (low or high?) grade fever

Resolves in _______

Bacteremia only in _________ patients

Answer 9

typhimurium

8-48; low

2-3 days

immunosuppressed

Question 10

Salmonella Bacteremia with focal lesions

Associated with S.________

Intestinal manifestations (present or absent?)

Focal lesions in _____,_______,______

Blood culture (positive or negative?)

Answer 10

cholerasuis

Absent

lungs, bones, meninges

positive

Question 11

Typhoid fever

S. typhi
Ingestion

Incubation period _____ days

Invades _____,______,_______

Localises and multiplies in the _____,_____

Spreads to organs (_______,_____,_____)

Localised lesions in the _________ of the SI

Excreted in stool, urine, bile

Answer 11

10-14

small intestine, lymphatics, blood stream

RES, septicaemia

intestine, gallbladder, kidneys

Peyer’s patches

Question 12

Typhoid fever

Symptoms and signs
Fever, headache,______, _____cardia, _________ liver and spleen, (low or high?) WBC

Complications
Intestinal ___________;________

Answer 12

constipation; brady

enlarged; low

haemorrhage; perforation

Question 13

Typhoid -laboratory detection

Specimens

______ (week 1)
_______ (week 2)
_______ (week 3)

Answer 13

blood

Stool

urine

Question 14

Salmonella

Media selective:
__________ agar
_________ medium
______________ agar

enrichment:
___________ broth
__________ F

__________ or _______ - NLF

Answer 14

Deoxycholate

Bismuth sulfite

Salmonella- shigella

Tetrathionate; Selenite

MacConkey or DCA

Question 15

Salmonella serologic tests

At least ____ specimens to detect a rise in titre

Both _______,_______ Antibodies titres

High or rising H titre suggest ______ or —————
High _____ titre occurs in some carriers

Answer 15

2

O, H

immunization or past infection

V1

Question 16

Treatment : salmonella

Enterocolitis:_______ treatment not necessary. Just _______ and ______

Typhoid & Enteric fevers
•Susceptibilty testing
•_____,_______,_____,_______

*CARRIERS ______,______,_______

Answer 16

antimicrobial; Replace fluid & electrolytes

Chloramphenicol, ampicillin,septrin, cephalosporin

ampicillin, amoxycillin
cholecystectomy

Question 17

Prevention of Salmonella

Standard sanitary measures
Strict hygienic conditions
Screen food handlers
_____ vaccine (____) gives partial protection

Answer 17

Killed ; TAB

Question 18

Shigella

Based on antigenic and biochemical. characteristics , 4 species are recognised
S. ________
S. ________
S. ________
S. ________

Answer 18

S. dysenteriae
S. flexneri
S. sonnei
S. boydii

Question 19

Morphology of Shigella

_______ gram _____ bacilli

(Motile or Non-motile?)

_____ colonies on MacConkey

Answer 19

Slender; negative

Non-mote

Pale

Question 20

Morphology of Shigella

Growth characteristic
______ colonies on MacConkey

(Does or Does not?) ferment lactose (except S. ______ a ________________)-

Ferments glucose with ______

Answer 20

Pale

Does not ferment lactose (except S. sonnei a late lactose fermenter)-

Ferments glucose with no gas

Question 21

Mode of transmission of shigella

_________

Food Fingers Faeces Flies

Answer 21

Faeco- oral

Question 22

Pathogenesis of shigella

(Mildly or Highly?) communicable
____toxin
Incubation period _______ days

Answer 22

Highly

Endo

1-2

Question 23

Shigella dysenteriae

____toxin (______toxin) }
Most severe _______ illness

(Bloody or Non bloody ?) (voluminous or scanty?) diarrhea

Abdominal pain, fever,

Answer 23

Exo; shiga

diarrhoea

Non bloody; voluminous

Question 24

Other species of shigella

invasive
Dysentery

S. sonnei and S.boydii-
(mild or severe?) illness
-(short or long?) duration
-stool is _______________________

S.flexneri –
(More or Less?) severe
lasts (shorter or longer?)
-_____in stool in developing world

Answer 24

mild; short; watery& bloody

more

Longer

blood

Question 25

Shigella laboratory detection

Specimen- ________

Microscopy- __________

Culture- ______, __________ agar
-__________________ (NLF) colonies

Answer 25

fresh stool

leukocytes

MacConkey; Deoxycholate

Non-lactose fermenting

Question 26

Treatment for shigella

Ampicillin
tetracycline
chloramphenicol
ciprofloxacin

Answer 26

Learn!