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Medical Terminology > 14.2 Ear > Flashcards

14.2 Ear Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

ot/o, aur/o, auricul/o

A

ear

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2
Q

tympan/o, myring/o

A

eardrum

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3
Q

cerumin/o

A

earwax

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4
Q

salping/o

A

eustachian tube

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5
Q

audi/o, acous/o

A

hearing

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6
Q

labyrinth/o

A

inner ear

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7
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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8
Q

ossicul/o

A

ossicles

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9
Q

staped/o

A

stapes

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10
Q

tempor/o

A

temporal bone

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11
Q

vestibul/o

A

vestibule

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12
Q

auricle, pinna

A

a skin-covered cartilaginous flap that projects from the side of the head

part of external ear that gathers sound waves to funnel into the external auditory canal (meatus)

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13
Q

external auditory meatus

A

external auditory canal lined with glands that secrete cerumen

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14
Q

cerumen

SER oo min

A

sticky substance that lubricates the ear and prevents the entry of foreign particles into the internal portions of the ear

AKA earwax

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15
Q

tympanic membrane

A

the dividing line b/w the external and middle ears

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16
Q

ossicles

A

3 small bones within the middle ear cavity: malleus, incus, and stapes

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17
Q

malleus

A

outermost of the three ossicles of the middle ear

attached to the membrana tympani

resembles a hammer, with a club-shaped head that articulates with the incus

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18
Q

stapes

STAY peez

A

innermost of the three auditory ossicles

shaped like a tiny stirrup and serving to transmit sound vibrations from the incus to the internal ear

when the footplate of the stapes moves, it touches the oval window which leads to the inner ear

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19
Q

eustachian tube

A

a mucous membrane-lined tube joining the nasopharynx and the middle ear cavity

equalizes air pressure b/w the middle ear and the external atmosphere

AKA auditory tube

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20
Q

labyrinth

A

inner ear

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21
Q

bony labyrinth

A

contains fluid called perilymph, the movement of which causes the endolymph in the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea to move

consists of 3 parts: vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea

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22
Q

vestibule

A

a part of the bony labyrinth in the inner ear

contributes to the body’s sense of equilibrium, or balance

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23
Q

semicircular canals

A

a part of the bony labyrinth in the inner ear

contributes to the body’s sense of equilibrium, or balance

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24
Q

cochlea

A

spiral tube that resembles a snail shell and forms part of the bony labyrinth in the inner ear

perforated by several openings for passage of the cochlear division of the vestibulocochlear nerve

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25
organ of Corti
a sensitive receptor with hair cells that relays sound waves to the 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve), which then conveys impulses to the temporal lobe of the brain housed in the cochlea
26
oval window
b/w middle ear and inner ear
27
impacted cerumen
blockage of the external auditory canal with cerumen
28
macrotia mack ROH sha
condition of abnormally large auricles
29
microtia mye KROH sha
condition of abnormally small auricles
30
otitis externa
inflammation of the outer ear
31
otorrhea oh toh REE uh
discharge from the ear
32
otalgia
pain in the ear AKA otodynia
33
infectious myringitis mer in JYE tis
inflammation of the eardrum due to a bacterial or viral infection
34
otitis media (OM)
inflammation of the middle ear common in young children, it is usually secondary to an upper respiratory infection treatment usually includes administration of antibiotics.
35
otosclerosis
development of bone around the oval window with resulting ankylosis (stiffening) of the stapes to the oval window usually results in progressive deafness
36
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear that may be due to infection or trauma symptoms may include vertigo, nausea, and nystagmus
37
Ménière disease men YER
chronic condition of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus cause is unknown
38
ruptured tympanic membrane
tear (perforation) of the eardrum due to trauma or disease process
39
otodynia
earache, pain in the ear AKA otalgia
40
tinnitus
abnormal sound heard in one or both ears caused by trauma or disease may be a ringing, buzzing, or jingling
41
vertigo
abnormal sensation of movement when there is none, either of one's self moving, or of objects moving around one may be caused by middle ear infections or the toxic effects of alcohol, sunstroke, and certain medications
42
ceruminoma
a benign adenoma of the glands that produce earwax that can obstruct the ear canal and detract from a patient's ability to hear AKA ceruminous or pleomorphic adenoma
43
acoustic neuroma
a benign tumor of the the auditory nerve - 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) - that causes tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing difficulties AKA vestibular schwannoma
44
cholesteatoma
a mass of epithelial cells and cholesterol in the middle ear usually resulting from chronic otitis media cyst-like growth that can be destructive to the surrounding bone if not removed
45
adenoid cystic carcinoma
extremely rare malignant form of a ceruminoma
46
anacusis
general term for hearing loss or deafness
47
conductive hearing loss
hearing loss resulting from damage to or malformation of the middle or outer ear
48
paracusis
abnormality of hearing
49
presbycusia
loss of hearing common in old age
50
sensorineural hearing loss
hearing loss resulting from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve
51
chol/e
bile
52
steat/o
fat
53
audiometric testing
measurement of hearing, usually with an instrument called an audiometer (ah dee AH meh tur) the graphic representation of the results is called an audiogram
54
otoscopy oh TAH skuk pee
visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope
55
pure tone audiometry ah dee AH meh tree
measurement of perception of pure tones with extraneous sound screened out
56
Rinne tuning fork test RIH nuh
method of distinguishing conductive from sensorineural hearing loss the tuning fork is placed alternately near the auditory canal and behind the ear on the mastoid bone
57
speech audiometry
measurement of ability to hear and understand speech
58
tympanometry tim pan NAH muh tree
measurement of the condition and mobility function of the eardrum AKA tympanogram
59
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) test
test that uses otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) measured by the insertion of a probe into the baby's ear canal and auditory brainstem response (ABR), which involves the placement of four electrodes on the baby's head to measure the change in the electrical activity of the brain in response to sound while the baby is sleeping
60
Weber tuning fork test
method of testing auditory acuity in which the tuning fork is placed on the midline of the skull to assess bone conduction of sound for evaluation of auditory acuity
61
cochlear implant
implanted device that assists those with hearing loss by electrically stimulating the cochlea
62
hearing aid
electronic device that amplifies sound
63
otoplasty
surgical or plastic repair and/or reconstruction of the external ear
64
stapedectomy stay puh DECK tuh mee
removal of the 3rd ossicle, the stapes, from the middle ear
65
tympanoplasty TIM pan oh plas tee
surgical repair of the eardrum, with or without ossicular chain reconstruction some patients may required a prosthesis for one or more of the ossicles
66
tympanostomy tim pan AH stuh mee
surgical creation of an opening through the eardrum to promote drainage and/or allow the introduction of artificial tubes to maintain the opening AKA myringostomy (mir ring GAH stuh mee)
67
tympanotomy
incision of the eardrum AKA myringotomy (mir ring GAH tuh mee)
68
ABR
auditory brain response
69
OAE
otoacoustic emission
70
Oto
otology
71
perilymph
fluid around inner labyrinth

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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