adren/o
adrenal gland
toc/o
labor, delivery
aden/o
gland
gonad/o
gonad
lob/o
lobe, section
lact/o
milk
gen/o
origin
pancreat/o
pancreas
hypophys/o
pituitary gland
press/o
pressure
gluc/o, glyc/o
sugar
thalam/o
thalamus
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid gland
phys/o
to grow
crin/o
to secrete
trop/o
to turn
vas/o
vessel
oxy-
rapid
pro-
in front of
-crine
to secrete
-in
a substance
hormones
chemical messengers, or secretions, of the endocrine system
travel through the bloodstream, so its effects appear more slowly and last longer
set in motion a number of body functions, including metabolism, growth, reproduction, and water and electrolyte balances

exocrine glands
secrete through ducts that lead directly to target organs
ex: sweat glands
endocrine glands
secrete directly into the blood stream w/o the use of ducts
metabolism
sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in the human body
hypophysis
hye POFF uh sis
considered the master gland as it controls the functions of other endocrine glands
located behind the optic nerve in the cranial cavity
divided into anterior and posterior lobes
AKA pituitary gland

adenohypophysis
add eh noh hye POFF uh sis
the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that secretes a large number of hormones in response to stimulation by the hypothalamus: growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, endorphins, and prolactin

somatotropin
growth hormone (GH)
affects the growth of the skeletal muscles and the long bones of the body
also promotes the synthesis of proteins, performs cell repair, and helps to maintain blood glucose levels
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
secreted by adenohypophysis
stimulates the adrenal cortex to release steroids
gonadotropic hormones
secreted by adenohypophysis
- FSH stimulates the development of gametes in the respective sexes
- LH stimulates ovulation in the female and the secretion of sex hormones in both the male and female
- Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) stimulates production of reproductive cells in the male