FLUID ELECTROLYTE AND ACID IMBALANCE III Flashcards

1
Q

chief buffer for H+ generated by CO2
responsible for 60% of the buffering capacity of blood

A

hemoglobin buffer system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

intracellular
important mechanism of H+ secretion by kidneys
buffers acids in the distal tubules of the kidney and ICF

composed of 2 parts:
Na / KH2PO4 - acid part
Na /K2HPO4 - basic part

A

phosphate buffer system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

______________ usually becomes greatly concentrated in the tubulues

A

phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

regulates the removal of CO2 from ECF
quick acting
emergency mechanism
cannot completely restore acid-base equilibrium

A

Respiratory Center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

located at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries as carotid bodies

most sensitive to changes in PaO2
communicate with central respiratory centers to either increase or decrease alveolar ventilation

A

peripheral chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

eliminates excess acid or base from the body
slow to respond but the most powerful acid-base regulatory mechanism

primary mechanism for removal of nonvolatile acids from the body

can completely restore acid base balance

regulates sodium bicarbonate in blood

A

renal mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

main site of bicarbonate reabsorption accounting for 75-90% of the filtered load

A

proximal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

due to decrease in bicarbonate fraction

blood (H+) may be high or normal but the Bicarbonate is always low

compensated PCO2 is lowered

A

metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

due to increase in bicarbonate fraction

the (H+) is depressed and the bicarbonate is always raised

respiratory compensation results in an elevated PCO2

A

metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

due to hypoventilation and consequential increased in PCO2

A

respiratory acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

due to hyperventialtion and consequential decreased in PCO2

A

respiratory alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

maximal renal compensation

primary problem:imparied alveolar ventilation

kidneys increased H+ excretion, increase bicarbonate, H+ near normal despite grossly impaired ventilation

respiratory acidosis

A

chronic COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly