Bio4 Flashcards
What bond forms when you assemble triglycerides or phospholipids
Ester bonds
What does amiphiphilic mean
Both hydrophobic and hydrophillic
Functional groups
Start with a carbonyl. Make it nonterminal and you get a ketone, a carboxyl (weakly acidic) if you replace an R group with a hydroxide , an ester if you replace it with an OR, an aldehyde if you replace it with a hydrogen, and an amide if you replace it with an NH. A lone NH is an amino (slightly basic), a lone SH is a thiol, alone O is an ether, and a lone terminal OH is a hydroxide. A double C bond is an alkene. In DNA Only cytosine Can form disulphide bridges since Because they have thiols. Double bonds are common in lipids and they are alkenes. These groups can chance a molecules acidity, polarity or behaviour in a chemical reaction. Amino groups could make a molecule slightly basic because they are proton receivers. Hydroxyls make a molecule more polar; the hydrogen oxygen bond allows for hydrogen bonding
What macromolecule is prominent in enzymes
Protein
What can phospholipid bilayers form
Micelles or vesicles
What is the fluid mosaic model
A mosaic of molecules that are either embedded in the membrane or attached to the inside or ours
Why isnt the cell membrane semipermeable
It selects what to let through
What type of molecules does the cell membrane let through and block
Small uncharged ones are let through and large charged molecules are ket out
What type of transport does not require energy
Passive transport
What is bulk transport
Vesicle mediated active transport of large molecules or large quantities of molecules
What is endocytosis
Active transport through vesicles that fuse with the membrane
What is tonicity
The extent and direction of osmosis relative to outside of the cell
What is an equilibrium in diffusion
When there is no net movement of particles
When is the concentration gradient terminated
At equilibrium
The two types of passive transport
Simple and facilitated
