Anticoagulants Flashcards by Tyler Rzucidlo | Brainscape

Q

Heparins Drug Class

A

Anticoagulants

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Q

What are the different types of Heparin Drugs

A

Unfractionated Heparin

Low molecular Weight Heparin

Fondaparinux

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Q

Unfractionated Heparin Mechanism of Action

A

Activates Antithrombin III: binds active clotting factors

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Q

Unfractionated Heparin Usefullness

A

I.V. Anticoagulant: works right away

Does not cross placenta: Preg safe

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Q

Unfractionated Heparin Toxicity

A

Bleeding: add Protamine to bind heparin

Thrombocytopenia

Osteoporosis

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Q

How do you reverse Unfractionated Heparin induced bleeding

A

Protamine

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Q

What are the Low Molecular Weight Heparin Drugs

A

Enoxaparin

Dalteparin

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Q

Enoxaparin Mechanism of Action

A

Binds Antithrombin III

Bind Factor Xa clotting factors

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Q

Enoxaparin Usefullness

A

S.C. anticoagulant: works now

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Q

Enoxaparin Side Effects

A

Bleeding

minimal Thrombocytopenia

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Q

Dalteparin Mechanism of Action

A

Binds Antithrombin III

Binds Factor Xa clotting factors

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Q

Dalteparin Usefullness

A

S.C. Anticoagulant: works now

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Q

Dalteparin Side effects

A

Bleeding

minimal thrombocytopenia

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Q

Fondaparinux Mechanism of Action

A

Synthetic Heparin

Binds antithrombin III

Selective for factor Xa

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Q

Fondaparinux usefullness

A

S.C. 1x daily dosing

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Q

Fondaparinux Side effects

A

Bleeding

No thrombocytopenia: safe in Heparin induced Thrombocytopenia

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Q

Warfarin Drug Class

A

Oral anticoagulant

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Q

Warfarin Mechanism

A

Block Vit K Epoxide Reductase

stop clotting factor synthesis

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Q

Warfarin Usefullness

A

delayed 4-5 days: add heparin

Control Hypercoagulopathy

Q

Warfarin Toxicity

A

Bleeding

Metabolized by CYP450

Teratogen: crosses placenta

Q

How do you stop Warfarin induced bleeding

A

Add Vitamin K

Replace Clotting factors

Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors Drug Class

A

Anticoagulants: 1st line to replace warfarin and Heparins

Q

DTI Drugs

A

Dabigatran (oral)

Argatroban

Bivalirudin

Rivaroxaban

Apixaban

Q

Dabigatran Mechanism of Action

A

Hirudin-like: DTI

Factor IIa used first

Q

Dabigatran Use

A

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia

venous thromboembolism

A-Fib

Oral: long-acting

Q

Dabigatran Side effects

A

Serious bleeding

Q

How do you stop Dagibatran induced bleeding

A

Idarucizumab

Q

What is Idarucizumab

A

monoclonal Ab that stops bleeding in minutes

Q

Argatroban Mechanism of Action

A

Hirudin-like DTI

Factor IIa used first

Q

Argatroban Usefullness

A

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia

Venous Thromboembolism

A-Fib

Q

Argatroban Side Effects

A

Serious Bleeding

Q

How do you control Argatroban Induced Bleeding

A

Idarucizumab

Q

Bivalirudin Mechanism of Action

A

Hirudin-like DTI

Factors IIa used first

Q

Bivalirudin Usefullness

A

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Venous Thromboembolism

A-Fib

Q

Bivallirudin Side Effects

A

Serious Bleed

Q

How do you stop a Bivalirudin induced bleed

A

Idarucizumab

Q

Rivaroxaban Mechanism of Action

A

Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor: Oral Drug

Q

Rivaroxaban Usefullness

A

DVT

Stroke prevention in A-Fib

Q

Rivaroxaban Side Effects

A

Bleeding risk: especially with CYP inhibitors

Q

How do you stop Rivaroxaban induced bleeding

A

Andexanet Alfa

Q

Apixaban

A

Direct Factor Xa inhibitor: oral Drug

Q

Apixaban usefullness

A

DVT

Prevent Strokes in A-fib

Q

Apixaban Side effects

A

Bleeding risk especially with CYP inhibitors

Q

How do you control Apixaban induced bleeding

A

Andexanet Alfa

Q

A