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Pharmacology > Alkylating Agents > Flashcards

Alkylating Agents Flashcards

1
Q

General MOA of Alkylating Mechanisms

A

Alkylate DNA,RNA: interfere with DNA replication

cross-link DNA on guanine between strands

Cell Cycle Phase: Non-specific; proliferation dependent

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2
Q

General Toxicity

A

Myelosuppression (Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia, anemia)

GI: N/V/D, anorexia, stomatitis

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3
Q

Nitrogen Mustard Drug Classification

A

Alkylating Agents

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4
Q

Nitrogen Mustard Drugs

A

Cyclophosphamide
Ifosfamide
Mechlorethamine

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5
Q

Cyclophosphamide Use

A

Lymphomas
Leukema
Solid Tumors

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6
Q

Cyclophosphamide Side effects

A

SIADH
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
bladder cancer
always with good hydration and MESNA

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7
Q

Ifosfamide use

A

IV Prodrug
Lymphomas
Leukemia
Solid Tumor

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8
Q

Ifosfamide Side Effects

A

SIADH:Fanconi Syndrome
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Bladder Cancer

Use with Good hydration and MESNA

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9
Q

Mechlorethamine use

A

off-market

original chemo: mustard gas in war

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10
Q

Mechlorethamine Side Effects

A

Black-box warning: handing caution

vessicant: extravasation: local necrotic damage

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11
Q

Nitrosoureas Drug classification

A

Alkylating Agents

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12
Q

Nitrosurea Drugs

A

Carmustine (IV)

Lomustine (po)

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13
Q

Carmustine Use

A

IV for brain tumors

high lipid solubility crosses BBB

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14
Q

Carmustine Side Effects

A

BM suppression

CNS Toxic: Seize, dizzy, ataxia

Delayed pulmonary Fibrosis

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15
Q

Lomustine Use

A

PO for brain tumors

lipid soluble: cross BBB

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16
Q

Lomustine Side effects

A

BM suppression

CNS Toxic: seize, dizzy, ataxia

17
Q

Platinum Drugs Classification

A

Alkylating-Like: No Alkyl Groups

have reactive chlorides exchanged on DNA like alkylating agents

18
Q

Platinum Drugs

A

Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Oxaliplatin

19
Q

Cisplatin use

A

IV half life 3hr

for carcinomas:bladder cancer, ovary, GI, testicular

20
Q

Cisplatin side effects

A

Nephrotoxicity: add amifostine and cl diuresis

Peripheral Neurotoxicity: nerve conduction disease

N/V is the worse: use ondansetron

Ototoxic

21
Q

Carboplatin use

A

half-life 30hr

ovarian carcinoma, lung, head, neck cancer

IVC

22
Q

Carboplatin Side Effects

A

Myelosuppression

23
Q

Oxaliplatin use

A

Colorectal Cancer

24
Q

Oxaliplatin Side effects

A

Acute sensitivity to cold

peripheral neurotoxicity

25
Q

Busulfan Mechanism

A

Cross-links DNA

Alkylating Agent

26
Q

Busulfan use

A

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

27
Q

Busulfan Side effects

A

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Hyperpigmentation

severe Myelosuppression

28
Q

Procarbazine Mechanism

A

Nonspecific alkylating agent

29
Q

Procarbazine Use

A

Hodgkin’s Disease

Primary Brain Tumors

30
Q

Procarbazine Side Effects

A

BM suppression
Pulmonary Toxicity
Leukemia
Disulfiram-like reaction

weak MAOI

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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