Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology & Mycology > Respiratory Infections II (26) > Flashcards

Respiratory Infections II (26) Flashcards

Dr. Erol

1
Q

What are the 4 systemic dimorphic fungi?

A

b. dermatitidis
c. immitis
h. capsulated var. capsulatum
cryptococcus neoformans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In most cases, a respiratory infection with systemic dimorphic fungi is _____, resolves _____, and confers ____ to reinfection

A

asymptomatic
resolves rapidly
confers resistance to reinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the properties of 3 of the 4? List them

A

they are thermally dimorphic

  1. blastomyces dermatitidis
  2. coccidiodes immitis
  3. histoplasma capsulate var. capsulatum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cryptococus neoformans is a _____

A

yeast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Disease associated with systemic dimorphic fungi tend to be ______

A

restricted to certain geographic regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the ecology, saprobic form, and parasitic form of blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

ecology: slightly acidic soils

saprobic: hyphae, oval to pyriiform

parasitic: unencapsulated yeasts with thick refractive double walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the ecology, saprobic form, and parasitic form of coccidioides immitis?

A

ecology: alkaline desert soils

saprobic form: barrel-shaped arthroconidia alternating with thin-walled empty cells

parasitic: spherules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ecology, saprobic form, and parasitic form of histoplasma capsulatum?

A

ecology: humid, highly nitrogenous soils

saprobic: hyphae

parasitic: tiny, ovoid budding yeasts with narrow bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the name of the disease blastomyces dermatitidis causes?

A

blastomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who is blastomycosis common in?

A

humans, dogs, cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the gross lesions for blastomycosis?

A

gray to yellow areas of pulmonary consolidation

nodules in lungs and thoracic lymph nodes

nodular pyogranulomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does blastomycosis go?

A

lungs —> skin, eye, bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If blastomycosis progresses, ______ develops

A

pyogranulamatous inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are common clinical signs of blastomycosis?

A

coughing, dyspnea, dry and harsh lung sounds
lameness
lymphadenopathy
skin lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What clinical sign of blastomycosis is pronounced in cats?

A

skin lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A dog exhibiting weight loss and labored breathing was thought to have gray to yellow areas of pulmonary consolidation and nodules in lungs. What is the causative agent and disease?

A

blastomyces dermatitidis

blastomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A dog exhibiting draining lesion of the nose has labored breathing.

A

blastomyces dermatitidis

blastomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the distribution of blastomycosis?

A

B. dermatitidis - present world-wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is one of the principal systemic mycoses?

A

b. dermatitidis - blastomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the geographical distribution of blastomycoses?

A

Ohio, Missouri, Tennessee, Mississippi River valleys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does blastomycoces dermatitidis infect the host?

A

aerosolized mycelial fragments or spores from the environment are inhaled and deposited in alveoli of a susceptible host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the morphology of blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

spherical, thick-walled, large broad-based budding yeast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

T/F: Cultures are necessary in diagnosing blastomyces dermatitidis

A

FALSE - is a severe biohazard

24
Q

The dimorphic fungus of blastomyces dermatitidis is characterized at room temperature by _________

A

hyaline hyphae and development of spherical conidia that appear as balloons on short stalks

25
Q

What species is this? Describe it

A

blastomyces dermatitidis - hyaline hyphae and development of spherical condia that appear as balloons on short stalks

26
Q

What is this?

A

blastomyces dermatitidis

27
Q

How do you treat blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

itraconozole

28
Q

T/F: Zoonosis of blastomycosis is uncommon

A

TRUE

29
Q

What is coccidioidomycosis?

A

dust-borne, non-contagious infection caused by the dimorphic fungus coccidiodes immitis

very virulent

30
Q

Trace the path of coccidioides immitis

A

lungs —> eye, joints, and bones

31
Q

Coccidioidomycosis is primarily a ______

A

chronic respiratory disease

32
Q

What are clinical signs in dogs for coccidiodomycosis?

A

dyspnea
anorexia
cough
etc

33
Q

What is the geographic distribution of coccidioidomycosis?

A

southwestern USA

34
Q

How do dogs get infected with coccidioides immitis?

A
35
Q

How do you diagnose coccidioides immitis?

A

characteristic spherules in tissue or samples

36
Q

Describe this. What is the causative agent?

A

mature spherules, potassium hydroxide wet mount

large spherules with thick walls containing round endospores

hyaline hype and development of alternating, barrel-shaped arthroconidia

37
Q

What is this?

A

coccidioides immitis

38
Q

What is this?

A

coccidioides immitis

39
Q

What is this?

A

arthroconidia of coccidioides immitis

40
Q

What is treatment for coccidioides immitis?

A

azoles

41
Q

T/F: Coccidioides immitis is NOT a zoonotic disease

A

TRUE

42
Q

What is the causative agent for histoplasmosis?

A

histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

43
Q

What is histoplasmosis?

A

chronic, non-contagious, disseminated, granulomatous disease of humans and animals

44
Q

What do gross lesions of histoplasmosis include?

A

enlargement of the liver, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes
ascites
yellow-white, variable-sized nodules in the lungs; enlargement of bronchial lymph nodes
foci of granulomatous inflammation on liver, myocardium, and small intestine

45
Q

What are clinical signs of histoplasmosis?

A

mainly seen in dogs and cats
pulmonary infections
chronic disease
GI tract
anemia

46
Q

How does one acquire histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

A

inhalation or ingestion of microconidia or hyphal fragment from environment

47
Q

Where can histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum spread?

A

GI tract, liver, spleen, and bone marrow

48
Q

Characteristic lesions of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum are _____

A

granulomatous

49
Q

What is the distrubtion of histoplasmosis?

A

grows especially well in humid environments with highy nitrogenous soils, especially those contaminated with BIRD OR BAT DROPPINGS

50
Q

Where is histoplasmosis found?

A
51
Q

How do you diagnose histoplasmosis?

A

demonstration of agent in tissues or samples
Buffy coat smears
lymph node aspirates
etc

52
Q

Describe this histopathy. What agent?

A

large number of tiny encapsulated organisms inside the macrophage

round yeast with basophilic center and clear halo

histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

53
Q

What is this?

A

histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

54
Q

What is this?

A

histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

55
Q

The dimorphic fungus of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum looks like _____

A

hyaline hyphae and development of microconidia and large, thick-walled tuberculate macroconidia

56
Q

What is this?

A

large, rounded, single-celled, tuberculate macroconidia and small microconidia of h. capsulatum

57
Q

What is treatment for histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum?

A

azoles

Bacteriology & Mycology (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions